Though he was a king, he would not establish the monarchy in Israel. 1 Samuel 13 Commentary, One of over 110 Bible commentaries freely available, this commentary provides a free-flowing commentary on the entire text of … 1 Samuel 13:3 - Jonathan smote the garrison of the Philistines that was in Geba, and the Philistines heard of it. is a massive number, and some doubt the accuracy of this number. In the press of the current crisis, every day now seemed much more important. Ch. Then Samuel arose and went up from Gilgal to Gibeah of Benjamin. Soon Samuel will come and lead us in sacrifice before God. Saul had no business doing what only a priest should do. Though he was a king, he would not establish the monarchy in Israel. Then Saul blew the trumpet throughout the land, saying, 'Let the Hebrews hear.' He repeatedly demonstrated the ability to lead a successful attack. A man after God’s heart enthrones God as king. I never understood why the priests were so special anyway.” Saul could have positive response in the polling data but if God were not with him, it would all crumble. Please be aware that this might heavily reduce the functionality and appearance of our site. He knew the Philistines were assembling a huge army against him, and that once they were organized they would be much harder to beat. Now there was no blacksmith to be found throughout all the land of Israel, for the Philistines said, “Lest the Hebrews make swords or spears.” But all the Israelites would go down to the Philistines to sharpen each man’s plowshare, his mattock, his ax, and his sickle; and the charge for a sharpening was a pim for the plowshares, the mattocks, the forks, and the axes, and to set the points of the goads. Blessed Saviour, may we never, like Saul, bring our poor offerings, or fancied peace-offerings, without looking to thy precious, thy all-sufficient sacrifice! In great fear (, in caves, in thickets, in rocks, in holes, and in pits. iv. There was no blacksmith to be found throughout all the land of Israel: The Philistines had superior military technology and they wanted to keep it that way. They may even kind of like us. And Samuel said, “What have you done?” And Saul said, “When I saw that the people were scattered from me, and that you did not come within the days appointed, and that the Philistines gathered together at Michmash, then I said, ‘The Philistines will now come down on me at Gilgal, and I have not made supplication to the LORD.’ Therefore I felt compelled, and offered a burnt offering.”. If David had some of our sins then we can have his heart. Can there be any devotion in disobedience? He needed to drink in praise like thirsty men drink water. saw himself as a priest, first offering sacrifice and then giving a blessing. a. But our spiritual enemies have the same attitude as the Philistines. (15-23). 1 Samuel 13-15 New International Version (NIV) Samuel Rebukes Saul. 1 Samuel 13 Commentary, One of over 110 Bible commentaries freely available, this commentary is one of the most respected interdenominational commentaries ever written. The rest of the people he sent away, every man to his tent. The last moments of waiting are usually the most difficult and they powerfully tempt us to take matters into our own hands. He is like a child who gets caught with his hand in the cookie jar and then says to his mother, “Let’s pray!”. Jonathan attacked the garrison of the Philistines, : Jonathan was a remarkable military leader. You always can block or delete cookies by changing your browser settings and force blocking all cookies on this website. And the mistake is not great in the Hebrew, schalosh for shelishim; and so indeed those two ancient translators, the Syriac and Arabic, translate it, and are supposed to have read in their Hebrew copies, three thousand.” (Poole). followers than no followers at all, but how much better if Israel would have really trusted the LORD here. He was all about image, prestige, and the things men look at. as someone morally and spiritually lacking. Saul probably felt that a quick response gave them the best chance to win the battle. See 2 Samuel 2:10; 2 Samuel 5:4; 1 Kings 14:21, &c. Click to enable/disable essential site cookies. He recruited three thousand men, two thousand stayed with him, the other thousand stayed under his first son’s supervision, Jonathan. 1 Samuel 13:1-7. Second, the people were scattered from him feeling that the battle wouldn’t be fought and that the plan wasn’t working out. c. Then raiders came out of the camp of the Philistines: With so many troops the Philistines could raid at will. Chapter 13. : Despite all the excuses, all the reasons, all the blaming of someone else, the bottom line was still the bottom line. “This number seems incredible to infidels; to whom it may be sufficient to reply, that it is far more rational to acknowledged a mistake in him that copied out the sacred text in such numeral or historical passages, wherein the doctrine of faith and good life in not directly concerned, than upon such a pretense to question the truth and divinity of the Holy Scriptures, which are so fully attested, and evidently demonstrated. Saul thought it was important because it might help him win the battle. “To disobey God in the smallest matter is sin enough: there can be no sin little, because there is no little God to sin against.” (Trapp), ii. oud toen hij … Saul saw his already mismatched force shrink to one-fifth of its previous size (from 3,000 to 600). Samuel charges Saul with being an enemy to himself. 12 And Samuel rose early to meet Saul in the morning. But as soon as we show some boldness and courage against the LORD’s enemies, our spiritual foes consider us an abomination. a. Jonathan attacked the garrison of the Philistines: Jonathan was a remarkable military leader. But the Philistines encamped in Michmash. b. 1 Samuel 13 Commentary. God commanded him to do something, and he did the opposite. Probably many of them thought, “What we really need is a king. Sidlow Baxter - In the Hebrew manuscripts, 1 and 2 Samuel form but one book, as also do 1 and 2 Kings and 1 and 2 Chronicles. First the waiting for Samuel was stressful because he felt time was his enemy. : This added to Saul’s anxiety. “Though God threaten Saul with the loss of his kingdom for this sin, yet it is not improbable that there was a tacit condition implied, as is usual in such cases.” (Poole). (19-23) The technological superiority of the Philistines. 1. a. The Philistines will now come down on me at Gilgal, and I have not made supplication to the LORD, : “We really needed God’s help against the Philistines, and we needed it now, so I had to do it.” But if Saul would have obeyed and trusted God, the LORD would take care of the Philistines. . Saul verspeelt de gunst van Samuel Saul was dertig jaar (13:1) dertig jaar – Volgens sommige handschriften van de Septuaginta. Even when David didn’t do God’s will, he still knew God’s will was more important. He will be a prominent and wonderful part of 1 Samuel. If peace with the devil is more important to you than victory in the LORD, you will often be defeated and subjected. And Jonathan attacked the garrison of the Philistines that, . This was a low point for Israel. And this declaration would have been abundantly verified, if the kingdom had been enjoyed by Saul, and by his son, and by his son’s son; after whom the kingdom might have come to Judah. When Saul was confronted with his sin he offered excuses. A man after God’s heart has a soft, repentant heart. Israel had enjoyed the “peace” of subjected people: everything will be fine as long as you take your place of subjugation. Those that desired a king like all the nations fancied that, when they had one, they should look very great and considerable; but in this chapter we find it proved much otherwise. Saul broke the order expressly given by Samuel, see 1 Samuel 10:8, as to what should be done in cases of extremity. First the waiting for Samuel was stressful because he felt time was his enemy. : Archaeologists have found this Philistine fortress at. You have done foolishly: This is a stronger phrase than we might think. c. Samuel said, “What have you done”: Samuel knew Saul did something wrong. The same principle is true spiritually in our lives. We may imagine that in the early part of the week, Saul explained his thinking in a pep talk to the troops: “Men, we’re going into battle against the Philistines. on StudyLight.org And they came up and encamped in Michmash, to the east of Beth Aven. As soon as he finished offering the burnt offering: Saul decided to perform the sacrifice not more than an hour before Samuel arrived. Now, we see God allowed the Philistines to have a huge technological advantage over the Israelites. The Bible speaks of the. But Samuel did not come to Gilgal; and the people were scattered from him. Saul chose for himself three thousand men of Israel. Our website uses cookies to store user preferences. A king would solve our problems.” Now they have a king and the problems are still there. But Samuel did not come to Gilgal; and the people were scattered from him. One company turned to the road to Ophrah, to the land of Shual, another company turned to the road to Beth Horon, and another company turned to the road of the border that overlooks the Valley of Zeboim toward the wilderness. The loss of so many men was probably the reason why Saul offered the sacrifice without Samuel, and it displayed a heart of distrust and disobedience to God. © 2020 Christianity.com. Click to enable/disable Google Analytics tracking. 1 Samuel 13:13 - Samuel said to Saul, 'You have acted foolishly; you have not kept the commandment of the Lord your God, which He commanded you, for now the Lord would have established your kingdom over Israel forever. As for Saul, he. Now for the first time Israel had a professional army. These cookies are strictly necessary to provide you with services available through our website and to use some of its features. : Saul’s response is a classic example of excuse making and failure to trust God. Saul became increasingly bitter against people and lived more and more unto himself, but David loved people. I Samuel 13:1-15 recounts the story of an act of presumption by another well-known figure, containing another valuable lesson for us. iii. Through this attack Jonathan proclaimed, “We won’t meekly surrender to the Philistines any longer.”, Israel had become an abomination to the Philistines, .” As long as the Israelites stayed in their weak, defeated place, the Philistines thought they were great guys. ). The LORD has sought for Himself a man after His own heart, and the LORD has commanded him to be commander over His people, because you have not kept what the LORD commanded you.”. i. Saul was a man after Israel’s heart. Then Saul blew the trumpet throughout all the land, saying, “Let the Hebrews hear!” Now all Israel heard it said. Sin is folly, and the greatest sinners are the greatest fools. We fully respect if you want to refuse cookies but to avoid asking you again and again kindly allow us to store a cookie for that. Sins which appear to us very little, have dangerous consequences. The loss of so many men was probably the reason why Saul offered the sacrifice without Samuel, and it displayed a heart of distrust and disobedience to God. If you came earlier, I wouldn’t have done this.” But if Saul obeyed and trusted God, God would take care of Samuel and the timing. When Saul at length sounded an alarm, the people, dissatisfied with his management, or terrified by the power of the enemy, did not come to him, or speedily deserted him. Please see our Privacy Policy for cookie usage details. God commanded him to do something, and he did the opposite. The invasion of the Philistines. God is. Out of fear, out of panic, out of not knowing what else to do, Saul did something clearly sinful. But Saul would actually reign another 20 years. Chapter 13 of first Samuel begins with Saul’s first couple years as ruler of Israel. d. And Saul said: Saul’s response is a classic example of excuse making and failure to trust God. Matthew Henry :: Commentary on 1 Samuel 13 ← Back to Matthew Henry's Bio & Resources. 1. 1 Samuel 13 Commentary, this 12 volume, chapter by chapter commentary of 4,800 sermon outlines and 24,000 homiletic references As long as we are weak and subjected to our spiritual enemies, they don’t mind us at all. He was all about image, prestige, and the things men look at. 1 Samuel 13:1 "Saul reigned one year; and when he had reigned two years over Israel," Saul reigned one year, and nothing particular happened; but in his second year the events recorded in this chapter took place. Since they were a seafaring people, the Philistines traded with the technologically sophisticated cultures to the west, especially the Greeks. The days dragged on and Samuel didn’t come. Saul offered sacrifice without Samuel, and did it himself, though he was neither priest nor prophet. What can it avail to sacrifice to God, against God?” (Trapp), Now it happened, as soon as he had finished presenting the burnt offering, that Samuel came; and Saul went out to meet him, that he might greet him. was king. Saul arranged with the prophet Samuel to perform sacrifices in an appeal to God to intervene before Israel went into battle with the invading Philistines. Saul was in an awkward position. 1 Samuel 13:1. His own sense of insecurity will not allow any of his associates (even his own son) to receive credit. 1 SAMUEL 13 COMMENTARY EDITED BY GLENN PEASE Samuel Rebukes Saul 13 Saul was thirty[a] years old when he became king, and he reigned over Israel forty-[b] two years. Saul could have made supplication to the LORD in any number of ways. : “You see Samuel, it was really your fault. They have more men, more chariots, more horses, and better swords and spears than we have. Men destitute of inward piety, often lay great stress on the outward performances of religion. “And hereby God intended to teach them the vanity of all carnal confidence in men; and that they did not one jot less need the help and favour of God now than they did before, when they had no king.” (Poole). Click to enable/disable _gat_* - Google Analytics Cookie. (1-7) Saul sacrifices, He is reproved by Samuel. Therefore I felt compelled: “I had to. : The Philistines, angered by the Israelites, gathered a huge army to crush Israel. The Hebrew text does not include the number "thirty" or "forty." : Samuel knew Saul did something wrong. Saul reigned one year; and when he had reigned two years over Israel] The Hebrew cannot be thus translated. Saul reigned one year, and nothing particular happened; but in his second year the events recorded in this chapter took place. Then Saul blew the trumpet throughout all the land, saying, “Let the Hebrews hear!” Now all Israel heard it said that Saul had attacked a garrison of the Philistines, and that Israel had also become an abomination to the Philistines. But they were found with Saul and Jonathan his son. : Saul was in Gilgal for many months. 3. i. Read 1 Samuel 13 commentary using Matthew Henry Commentary on the Whole Bible (Complete). The Philistine threat. God told Saul that his descendants would not reign after him. We may request cookies to be set on your device. Even in difficult situations, they could worship the LORD. We can discover this by looking at the man who was nota man after His own heart (Saul) and comparing him to the man who wasa man after His own heart (David). a. Yet this attack merely wakened the Philistines. All sin is a disregard of God, but David sinned more out of weakness and Saul more out of a disregard for God. Both David and Saul knew sacrifice before battle was important. But our spiritual enemies have the same attitude as the Philistines. (15-18) The Philistines begin their raids. 1 Samuel 13 Commentary, One of over 110 Bible commentaries freely available, this nine-volume commentary, respected by legions of devoted students, still ring with timeless truth First, this was because these farm tools were the only weapons the Israelites had, so why make them so sharp? These cookies collect information that is used either in aggregate form to help us understand how our website is being used or how effective our marketing campaigns are, or to help us customize our website and application for you in order to enhance your experience. 2. This chapter is the subject of an incredible number of contradictory opinions that it has evoked from the scholars, translators and commentators who have written about it. But Samuel did not look for reasons or excuses because there were no valid reasons or excuses. All sin is a disregard of God, but David sinned more out of weakness and Saul more out of a disregard for God. iii. Now Saul. They may even kind of like us. Even if Samuel was totally in the wrong, it didn’t justify Saul’s sin. Click to enable/disable _ga - Google Analytics Cookie. 1. a. But they were found with Saul and Jonathan his son. i. i. : This was plainly sinful. About six hundred men: Earlier, Saul had about 3,000 in his regular army (1 Samuel 13:2). “My, there’s a man of action! We don’t war against armies of Philistines; our enemies are principalities… powers… the rulers of the darkness of this age… spiritual hosts of wickedness in the heavenly places (Ephesians 6:12). But Saul made an unlawful sacrifice, and Samuel told him, "You have done foolishly. Click on the different category headings to find out more. i. ” And Samuel was angry, and he cried to the L ord all night. For above a year he gave the Philistine time to prepare … And it was told Samuel, “Saul came to p Carmel, and behold, he set up a monument for himself and turned and passed on and went down to Gilgal.” 13 And Samuel came to Saul, and Saul said to him, q “Blessed be you to the L ord. 1 Samuel 13 Commentary, One of over 110 Bible commentaries freely available, this commentary, by the leading authority in the Church of Christ, presents a verse level look at the Bible. a) He had grieved over His rejection of Saul far too long. A man after God’s heart has a soft, repentant heart. i. When the men of Israel saw that they were in danger: Jonathan was bold enough to launch the initial attack against the Philistines, but the men of Israel were not bold enough to now stand strong against their enemy. The rest of the men he sent back to their homes. It is the common formula for denoting the age of a king at his accession, and the length of his reign. I couldn’t wait any longer.” Even though Saul. O vain man! For Saul, Saul was king. d. The people followed him trembling: They still honored Saul as king, but they were really frightened. But Samuel did not look for reasons or excuses because there were no valid reasons or excuses. Line upon line, Saul made his sin worse with excuses. 1 Samuel 13:6-14. And Samuel said to Saul, “You have done foolishly. The troops were losing confidence in Saul as a leader and beginning to scatter. But the Philistines encamped in Michmash. And Saul numbered the people present with him, about six hundred men. The last moments of waiting are usually the most difficult and they powerfully tempt us to take matters into our own hands. b. c. All Israel heard it said that Saul had attacked a garrison of the Philistines: Saul plainly took credit for Jonathan’s bold attack on the garrison of the Philistines. For now the LORD would have established your kingdom over Israel forever. It may be that Saul wanted to keep re-living the glorious day when Samuel recognized and confirmed him as king before the entire nation. He will still be on the throne as a king, but it will never be the same because the end of his kingdom is certain. He would have this act of disobedience pass for an instance of his prudence, and as a proof of his piety. David knew God’s will was most important. 1 Samuel 13 Commentary, One of over 110 Bible commentaries freely available, this one volume concise commentary provides a condensed look at nearly every verse in the Bible Then raiders came out of the camp of the Philistines. He repeatedly demonstrated the ability to lead a successful attack. Even if Samuel was totally in the wrong, it didn’t justify Saul’s sin. You can also change some of your preferences. The Philistines will now come down on me at Gilgal, and I have not made supplication to the LORD: “We really needed God’s help against the Philistines, and we needed it now, so I had to do it.” But if Saul would have obeyed and trusted God, the LORD would take care of the Philistines. c. There was neither sword nor spear found in the hand of any of the people… they were found with Saul and Jonathan: There were so few iron weapons available that only the royal family could be properly equipped. He is like a child who gets caught with his hand in the cookie jar and then says to his mother, “Let’s pray!”. We might imagine that the Philistine blacksmiths, even though they charged each Israelite a pim for sharpening, would never put too fine an edge on anything. (1-2) Saul assembles Israel’s first standing army. 1 Samuel Chapter 13 Summary. The following cookies are also needed - You can choose if you want to allow them: You can read about our cookies and privacy settings in detail on our Privacy Policy Page. 1 Samuel 13:13. If you refuse cookies we will remove all set cookies in our domain. First, Saul plainly disobeyed Samuel. If he trusted God and waited one more hour, how different things could have been! You have not kept the commandment of the LORD your God, which He commanded you. David thought that God was the goal. : This was the first “regular” army for Israel. But David thought it was important because it pleased and honored God. Their division into two books each, as we now have them, originates with the so-called Septuagint translation of the Hebrew Scriptures into Greek, said to have been made in the third century B.C. b. Saul went out to meet him, that he might greet him: Now Saul really overstepped his bounds. The LORD has sought for Himself a man after His own heart, and the LORD has commanded him to be commander over His people. It just seemed like the right thing to do. i. Because God loved Israel He would raise up a king, i. Saul was a man after Israel’s heart. For now the LORD would have established your kingdom over Israel forever. Footnotes. c. For now the LORD would have established your kingdom over Israel forever: The whole point in being a king was to establish a dynasty, where one’s sons sat on the throne afterwards. SAUL'S DYNASTY FORFEITED BY HIS SIN. It must be better to have trembling followers than no followers at all, but how much better if Israel would have really trusted the LORD here. 1. The rest of Israel fought with whatever they could. Then he waited seven days, according to the time set by Samuel. Now Saul really saw himself as a priest, first offering sacrifice and then giving a blessing. He will be a prominent and wonderful part of 1 Samuel. Secondly, if you make it really sharp, it will be longer before they come back with another pim to get their ax sharpened. It must be better to have. I never understood why the priests were so special anyway.” Saul could have positive response in the polling data but if God were not with him, it would all crumble. See how politic the Philistines were when they had power; they not only prevented the people of Israel from making weapons of war, but obliged them to depend upon their enemies, even for instruments of husbandry. The LORD has sought for Himself a man after His own heart, and the LORD has commanded him, commander over His people, because you have not kept what the LORD commanded you.”, : This is a stronger phrase than we might think. Adultery and murder were David's sins, the like sins among his children were the beginnings of his punishment: he was too indulgent to his children. Then Samuel would preside over sacrifices and Israel would be spiritually ready for battle. All the Israelites would go down to the Philistines to sharpen each man’s plowshare. Revolt of the Israelites under Saul from the Philistines 1. Samuel did not mean Saul was unintelligent or silly. : Saul decided to perform the sacrifice not more than an hour before Samuel arrived. Saul, Jonathan his son, and the people present with them remained in Gibeah of Benjamin. God told Saul that his descendants would not reign after him. The only way the Israelites could ever win was to trust in God for everything. of Israel. Biblical Commentary 1 Samuel 16:1-13 EXEGESIS: THE CONTEXT: Samuel made his farewell address (chapter 12) after renewing Saul's kingship (11:14-15). i. And, the Hebrews crossed over the Jordan to the land of Gad and Gilead. We often try to blame our sin on someone else. : With so many troops the Philistines could raid at will. I saw that the people were scattered from me. 1Sa 13:1, 2. He didn’t have to sin though he felt like sinning. Posted on Oct 26, 2002 by Beyond Today Editor Estimated reading time: 1 minute. Saul could have, in any number of ways. David also sinned yet God never took the kingdom from David and his descendants. a. i. , he was not supposed to be ruled by his feelings. Previously Israel only had a militia that assembled in times of national threat. Otherwise you will be prompted again when opening a new browser window or new a tab. Samuel, Saul may also be trying to show Samuel how spiritual he is. These have been supplied by the translators. The Lord would have established thy kingdom for ever — The phrase, for ever, in Scripture, often signifies only a long time. “This is the first place in which this brave and excellent man appears; a man who bears one of the most amiable characters in the Bible.” (Clarke). You did not come within the days appointed. Because the actual judgment for this sin was so far off we should regard Samuel’s pronouncement of judgment as an invitation to repentance. Since these providers may collect personal data like your IP address we allow you to block them here. Those that disobey the commandments of God, do foolishly for themselves. But David thought it was important because it pleased and honored God. (5-7) The Philistines prepare their army. Two thousand were with Saul in Michmash and in the mountains of Bethel, and a thousand were with Jonathan in Gibeah of Benjamin. Saul's Selected Band. Then Samuel would preside over sacrifices and Israel would be spiritually ready for battle. 13). Saul reigned one year; and when he had reigned two years over Israel, Saul chose for himself three thousand men of Israel. We need 2 cookies to store this setting. Click to enable/disable Google reCaptcha. Praising God on the day you give your little son away may not be easy, but it is praise God is pleased with, even as we are told to bring a sacrifice of praise to God (Hebrews 13:15). He could probably smell the sacrifice in the air. When David was down and out he still loved and served those who were even more down and out (1 Samuel 22:1-2). Even when David didn’t do God’s will, he still knew God’s will was more important. Second. First, this was because these farm tools were the only weapons the Israelites had, so why make them so sharp? . So Saul said, “Bring a burnt offering and peace offerings here to me.” And he offered the burnt offering. Then Samuel arose: Samuel left probably knowing that the announcement of judgment was an invitation to repentance, and probably knowing that Saul would not repent. : The Philistines had superior military technology and they wanted to keep it that way. Previously Israel only had a militia that assembled in times of national threat. God allowed this to test Saul’s faith, to see if he believed God was great enough to deliver from so many with so few. 1-samuel 13:1 Saul reigned one year; and when he had reigned two years over Israel, 1-samuel 13:2 Saul chose him three thousand men of Israel; whereof two thousand were with Saul in Michmash and in mount Bethel, and a thousand were with Jonathan in Gibeah of Benjamin: and the rest of the people he sent every man to his tent. : Samuel told Saul to wait for him at Gilgal. . The Bible speaks of the fool as someone morally and spiritually lacking. Then Samuel arose and went up from Gilgal to Gibeah of Benjamin. Saul went out to meet him, that he might greet him, : Now Saul really overstepped his bounds. Then we’ll go out and whip the Philistines!” But it didn’t happen like that. Saul reigned one year—(see Margin). : From these words we might expect Saul to be “impeached” as king right then and there. © Copyright - Enduring Word | . Because these cookies are strictly necessary to deliver the website, refuseing them will have impact how our site functions. It was bad enough to be outnumbered so badly. 2. We often try to blame our sin on someone else. If peace with the devil is more important to you than victory in the LORD, you will often be defeated and subjected. You are free to opt out any time or opt in for other cookies to get a better experience. i. Thirty thousand chariots is a massive number, and some doubt the accuracy of this number. (13-14) Samuel proclaims God’s judgment upon Saul’s household. But Saul would actually reign another 20 years. ii. As soon as the Israelites showed boldness and courage against the LORD’s enemies, the Philistines considered the Israelites, ii. When David was down and out he still loved and served those who were even more down and out (1 Samuel 22:1-2). Samuel did not mean Saul was unintelligent or silly. i. Saul was more concerned with his will than God’s will. 2. Israel had enjoyed the “peace” of subjected people: everything will be fine as long as you take your place of subjugation. How impolitic Saul was, who did not, in the beginning of his reign, set himself to redress this. And the garrison of the Philistines went out to the pass of Michmash. 1 Samuel 13:1. 1 Samuel 13 Commentary, One of over 110 Bible commentaries freely available, this volume commentary on the Bible is highly regarded for his very prudent and judicious expositions (3-4) Jonathan initiates conflict with the Philistines. He gets things done. He could have cried out the LORD for the whole nation with a humble heart, but instead he did the one thing he must not do: offer a sacrifice. 1 samuel 13 commentary 1. This was no small sin. “If Saul was among the prophets before, will he now be among the priests? As soon as the Israelites showed boldness and courage against the LORD’s enemies, the Philistines considered the Israelites an abomination. He was still there many months later (1 Samuel 13:1). (8-14) The policy of the Philistines. And they came up and encamped in Michmash, to the east of Beth Aven. b. You have not kept the commandment of the LORD your God, which He commanded you. on StudyLight.org You have not kept the commandment of the LORD your God, which He commanded you: Despite all the excuses, all the reasons, all the blaming of someone else, the bottom line was still the bottom line. Saul felt he was in a lot of trouble. The archaeological evidence shows that it was destroyed but later rebuilt by Saul and became his palace and fortress. a. Saul chose for himself three thousand men of Israel: This was the first “regular” army for Israel. So they worshipped the LORD there: Worship is a repeated characteristic of this family (see also 1 Samuel 1:3, 19, 28). In great fear (the people were distressed) they hid anywhere they could (in caves, in thickets, in rocks, in holes, and in pits) or they fled across the Jordan River (to the land of Gad and Gilead). As long as we are weak and subjected to our spiritual enemies, they don’t mind us at all. iv. a. Thirty thousand chariots and six thousand horsemen, and people as the sand which is on the seashore in multitude: The Philistines, angered by the Israelites, gathered a huge army to crush Israel. i. It just seemed like the right thing to do. It may be that Saul wanted to keep re-living the glorious day when Samuel recognized and confirmed him as king before the entire nation. The rest of the people he sent away, every man to his tent. Saul had no business doing what only a priest should do. g. The LORD has sought for Himself a man after His own heart: God was looking for this kind of man and God found this man in an unlikely place. e. The LORD has sought for Himself a man after His own heart, and the LORD has commanded him to be commander over His people: Though God rejected Saul He did not reject Israel. Now that he was king, the men of Israel expected greater things from him. Study the bible online using commentary on 1 Samuel 13 and more! 1 Samuel 13 Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary. : The whole point in being a king was to establish a dynasty, where one’s sons sat on the throne afterwards. There was no blacksmith to be found throughout all the land of Israel. The issue was bigger than an incident of sin; the issue was being a man after God’s own heart. “My, there’s a man of action! And some of the Hebrews crossed over the Jordan to the land of Gad and Gilead. . Samuel put it plainly: you have not kept the commandment of the LORD your God. When the men of Israel saw that they were in danger (for the people were distressed), then the people hid in caves, in thickets, in rocks, in holes, and in pits. Now he is down to 600 because many soldiers scattered while Saul waited for Samuel (1 Samuel 13:8). I couldn’t wait any longer.” Even though Saul felt compelled, he was not supposed to be ruled by his feelings. 1-samuel 13:3 And Jonathan smote the garrison of the … 1 Samuel 13:1 (NIV) Saul was thirty years old when he became king, and he reigned over Israel forty- two years. and raise that man up to be the next king. A man after God’s heart loves other people. ©2018 David Guzik – No distribution beyond personal use without permission. Add to my study list. According to the time set by Samuel: Samuel told Saul to wait for him at Gilgal. He was still there many months later (1 Samuel 13:1). Now he is down to 600 because many soldiers scattered while Saul waited for Samuel (1 Samuel 13:8). If he trusted God and waited one more hour, how different things could have been! David thought that God was the goal. But now your kingdom shall not continue. When David was confronted with his sin he confessed his sin and repented (2 Samuel 12:13). : Samuel left probably knowing that the announcement of judgment was an invitation to repentance, and probably knowing that Saul would not repent. A man after God’s heart enthrones God as king. Miserable is a guilty, defenceless nation; much more those who are destitute of the whole armour of God. We can love and pursue God with the kind of focus and passion David had. Two thousand were with Saul in Michmash and in the mountains of Bethel, and a thousand were with Jonathan in Gibeah of Benjamin. With a UCG.org account you will be able to save items to read and study later! We can discover this by looking at the man who was. So it came about, on the day of battle, that there was neither sword nor spear found in the hand of any of the people who. : What does this mean? He gets things done. Second, Saul was a king, not a priest, and only priests were to offer sacrifices. And the garrison of the Philistines went out to the pass of Michmash. One company turned to the road to Ophrah, to the land of Shual, another company turned to the road. A man after God’s heart loves other people. : This is the first mention of Saul’s son Jonathan. Commentary on 2 Samuel 13:1-20 (Read 2 Samuel 13:1-20) From henceforward David was followed with one trouble after another. “For decades archaeologists working at many different sites have unearthed iron artifacts in bewildering number and variety dating from the period of greatest Philistine power and leading to the general consensus that the metal was introduced into Canaan – at least for weapons, agricultural tools, and jewelry – by the Philistines.” (Youngblood). Because God loved Israel He would raise up a king, a man after His own heart. The LORD has sought for Himself a man after His own heart, for this kind of man and God found this man in an unlikely place. Bible Commentary 1 Samuel 13. Check to enable permanent hiding of message bar and refuse all cookies if you do not opt in. Now there was no blacksmith to be found throughout all the land of Israel, for the Philistines said, “Lest the Hebrews make swords or spears.” But all the Israelites would go down to the Philistines to sharpen each man’s plowshare, his mattock, his ax, and his sickle; and the charge for a sharpening was a pim for the plowshares, the mattocks, the forks, and the axes, and to set the points of the goads. b. i. the road of the border that overlooks the Valley of Zeboim toward the wilderness. Then raiders came out of the camp of the Philistines in three companies. : There were so few iron weapons available that only the royal family could be properly equipped. He could have cried out the LORD for the whole nation with a humble heart, but instead he did the, : “I had to. 1 Samuel 13 Commentary, One of over 110 Bible commentaries freely available, this commentary is written by one of the most influential men of the modern Christianity movement. His own sense of insecurity will not allow any of his associates (even his own son) to receive credit. Saul was more concerned with his will than God’s will. Now that he was king, the men of Israel expected greater things from him. “This number seems incredible to infidels; to whom it may be sufficient to reply, that it is far more rational to acknowledged a mistake in him that copied out the sacred text in such numeral or historical passages, wherein the doctrine of faith and good life in not directly concerned, than upon such a pretense to question the truth and divinity of the Holy Scriptures, which are so fully attested, and evidently demonstrated. We often think things will “fix” problems when they won’t at all. By proceeding, you consent to our cookie usage. All Rights Reserved. Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible has served as an invaluable guide to the Bible for pastors and students the world over. MT: ‘een jaar’. with Saul and Jonathan. b. When David was confronted with his sin he confessed his sin and repented (2 Samuel 12:13). i. I saw that the people were scattered from me: “I had to do something to impress the people and gain back their support.” But if Saul had obeyed and trusted God, God would have seen him to victory over the Philistines with or without the people. All Samuel wanted to hear was confession and repentance. All Samuel wanted to hear was confession and repentance. He could probably smell the sacrifice in the air. The rest of Israel fought with whatever they could. : Though God rejected Saul He did not reject Israel. Both David and Saul knew sacrifice before battle was important. And Samuel said, “What have you done?” And Saul said, “When I saw that the people were scattered from me, and, you did not come within the days appointed, and, the Philistines gathered together at Michmash, then I said, ‘The Philistines will now come down on me at Gilgal, and I have not made supplication to the LORD.’ Therefore I felt compelled, and offered a burnt offering.”, As soon as he finished offering the burnt offering. Now it happened, as soon as he had finished presenting the burnt offering, that Samuel came; and Saul went out to meet him, that he might greet him. f. A man after His own heart: What does this mean? But as soon as we show some boldness and courage against the LORD’s enemies, our spiritual foes consider us. When Saul was confronted with his sin he offered excuses. History shows how dangerous it is to combine religious and civic authority and God would not allow the kings of Israel to be priests and the priests to be kings. Perhaps many Israelites admired Saul for offering the sacrifice. Thou only, O Lord, canst make, or hast made, our peace in the blood of the cross. And Samuel said to Saul, “You have done foolishly. But God will now give Israel a man. A man after God’s heart honors the LORD. And Saul numbered the people present with him, about six hundred men. Saul, Jonathan his son, and the people present with them remained in Gibeah of Benjamin. In 2 Chronicles 26 King Uzziah tried to do the work of priest and God struck him with leprosy. He knew the Philistines were assembling a huge army against him, and that once they were organized they would be much harder to beat. All Israel heard it said that Saul had attacked a garrison of the Philistines, : Saul plainly took credit for Jonathan’s bold attack on the. Literally, the Hebrew says that Saul wanted to, Samuel – perhaps as a priest blesses the people. We use cookies to let us know when you visit our websites, how you interact with us, to enrich your user experience, and to customize your relationship with our website. i. ; and so indeed those two ancient translators, the Syriac and Arabic, translate it, and are supposed to have read in their Hebrew copies, When the men of Israel saw that they were in danger, : Jonathan was bold enough to launch the initial attack against the Philistines, but the men of Israel were not bold enough to now stand strong against their enemy. And the people were called together to Saul at Gilgal. We don’t war against armies of Philistines; our enemies are, principalities… powers… the rulers of the darkness of this age… spiritual hosts of wickedness in the heavenly places, (Ephesians 6:12). ii. When the men of Israel saw that they were in danger (for the people were distressed), then the people hid in caves, in thickets, in rocks, in holes, and in pits. David knew God’s will was most important. As for Saul, he was still in Gilgal, and all the people followed him trembling. It would be easy to say that the kingdom was taken from Saul because he sinned and on one level, that was true; but it was more than that. He didn’t have to sin though he felt like sinning. When charged with disobedience, he justified himself in what he had done, and gave no sign of repentance for it. Saul probably felt that a quick response gave them the best chance to win the battle. And the people were called together to Saul at Gilgal. : By carefully guarding their military technology, the Philistines kept the Israelites in a subservient place. But God will now give Israel a man after His own heart and raise that man up to be the next king. Note that blocking some types of cookies may impact your experience on our websites and the services we are able to offer. 3. ii. It clearly says, “Israel had become an abomination to the Philistines.” As long as the Israelites stayed in their weak, defeated place, the Philistines thought they were great guys. They were a fearless and fearsome army against Saul and Israel. Since they were a seafaring people, the Philistines traded with the technologically sophisticated cultures to the west, especially the Greeks. You did not come within the days appointed: “You see Samuel, it was really your fault. d. But now your kingdom shall not continue: From these words we might expect Saul to be “impeached” as king right then and there. This was a bad sign in the heart and character of Saul. For David, the LORD God was king. Matthew Henry’s Bible Commentary (concise), Matthew Henry Bible Commentary (complete), California - Do Not Sell My Personal Information. All the Israelites would go down to the Philistines to sharpen each man’s plowshare: By carefully guarding their military technology, the Philistines kept the Israelites in a subservient place. 1. For now the LORD would have established your kingdom over Israel forever. Saul reigned one year; and when he had reigned two years over Israel, CHAPTER 13. He waited seven days: Saul was in Gilgal for many months. He should have been more concerned with pleasing God instead of the people. c. But Samuel did not come to Gilgal; and the people were scattered from him: This added to Saul’s anxiety. Then the Philistines gathered together to fight with Israel, thirty thousand chariots and six thousand horsemen, and people as the sand which is on the seashore in multitude. b. If you came earlier, I wouldn’t have done this.” But if Saul obeyed and trusted God, God would take care of Samuel and the timing. Saul had attacked a garrison of the Philistines, and that Israel had also become an abomination to the Philistines. 13 Saul was thirty [] years old when he became king, and he reigned over Israel forty-[] two years. So it came about, on the day of battle, that there was neither sword nor spear found in the hand of any of the people who were with Saul and Jonathan. : “I had to do something to impress the people and gain back their support.” But if Saul had obeyed and trusted God, God would have seen him to victory over the Philistines with or without the people. If you do not want that we track your visit to our site you can disable tracking in your browser here: We also use different external services like Google Webfonts, Google Maps, and external Video providers. Due to security reasons we are not able to show or modify cookies from other domains. He will still be on the throne as a king, but it will never be the same because the end of his kingdom is certain. c. As for Saul, he was still in Gilgal: Saul’s position as king was confirmed at Gilgal (1 Samuel 11:15). They were a fearless and fearsome army against Saul and Israel. . The archaeological evidence shows that it was destroyed but later rebuilt by Saul and became his palace and fortress. But now your kingdom shall not continue. In fact at this time, he wasn’t a man at all! Samuel put it plainly: you have not kept the commandment of the LORD your God. He needed to drink in praise like thirsty men drink water. Perhaps many Israelites admired Saul for offering the sacrifice. Then raiders came out of the camp of the Philistines in three companies. ii. Secondly, if you make it really sharp, it will be longer before they come back with another, There was neither sword nor spear found in the hand of any of the people… they were found with Saul and Jonathan. 1 Samuel 13:1 Hebrew Saul was one year old when he became king, and he reigned two years over Israel; some Greek manuscripts give Saul's age when he began to reign as thirty years; 1 Samuel 13:14 Or leader; 1 Samuel 13:15 Septuagint; Hebrew lacks The rest of the people… from Gilgal; 1 Samuel 13:20 Septuagint; Hebrew plowshare; 1 Samuel 13:21 Hebrew was a pim : They still honored Saul as king, but they were really frightened. Saul thought God would help him achieve his goals. And Jonathan attacked the garrison of the Philistines that was in Geba, and the Philistines heard of it. Saul became increasingly bitter against people and lived more and more unto himself, but David loved people. : Earlier, Saul had about 3,000 in his regular army (1 Samuel 13:2). We might imagine that the Philistine blacksmiths, even though they charged each Israelite, for sharpening, would never put too fine an edge on anything. Thirty thousand chariots and six thousand horsemen, and people as the sand which is on the seashore in multitude. i. Our disposition to obey or disobey God, will often be proved by our behaviour in things which appear small. According to 1 Samuel 13:5 the Philistines already had a huge army, easily outmatching Saul’s 3,000 men. God is still looking for men and women after His own heart. He should have been more concerned with pleasing God instead of the people. 1 SAMUEL 13. still in Gilgal, and all the people followed him trembling. Yet this attack merely wakened the Philistines. When men are lifted up in self-sufficiency, they are often led into folly. (10-12) Samuel arrives and Saul tries to explain what he did. Line upon line, Saul made his sin worse with excuses. This was a bad sign in the heart and character of Saul. So, we have to trust God and make a quick attack before they can get organized. v. The whole manner of Saul’s explanation makes it clear this was no misunderstanding. 1 Samuel 13 Matthew Henry's Commentary. feeling that the battle wouldn’t be fought and that the plan wasn’t working out. : Saul’s position as king was confirmed at Gilgal (1 Samuel 11:15). You can check these in your browser security settings. Second, Saul was a king, not a priest, and only priests were to offer sacrifices. 1 Samuel 13 – Saul’s Disobedience A. (1-2) Saul assembles Israel’s first standing army. In fact at this time, he wasn’t a man at all! 1 Samuel 13:13 - Samuel said to Saul, Samuel said to Saul, "You have acted foolishly; you have not kept the commandment of the LORD your God, which He commanded you, for now the LORD would have established your kingdom over Israel forever. Samuel had not come to offer the sacrifice in preparation for battle, and Saul dared not go into battle without it—yet the opportunity for attack was passing quickly and the army was beginning to desert. Two thousand were with Saul in Michmash and in the mountains of Bethel, and a thousand were with Jonathan in Gibeah of Benjamin. Through this attack Jonathan proclaimed, “We won’t meekly surrender to the Philistines any longer.”. In the press of the current crisis, every day now seemed much more important. For above a year he gave the Philistine time to prepare for war, and to weaken and to disarm the Israelites. d. And he offered the burnt offering: This was plainly sinful. Men see nothing but Saul's outward act, which seems small; but God saw that he did this with unbelief and distrust of his providence, with contempt of his authority and justice, and with rebellion against the light of his own conscience. Saul reigned one year; and when he had reigned two years over Israel, Saul chose for himself three thousand men of Israel. The LORD'S rebuke of Samuel (v.1). Commentary on 1 Samuel 13:8-14 (Read 1 Samuel 13:8-14) Saul broke the order expressly given by Samuel, see 1 Samuel 10:8, as to what should be done in cases of extremity. In wanting to bless Samuel, Saul may also be trying to show Samuel how spiritual he is. The same principle is true spiritually in our lives. But this will always prompt you to accept/refuse cookies when revisiting our site. Word Biblical Commentary on 1 Samuel; ... (chap. He didn’t say to Samuel, “Did I do something wrong?” He knew exactly what he did and probably thought of the excuses ahead of time. The chief advantages of the enemies of the church are derived from the misconduct of its professed friends. 2 Saul chose three thousand men from Israel; two thousand were with him at Mikmash and in the hill country of Bethel, and a thousand were with Jonathan at Gibeah in Benjamin. 1 Samuel 13:1 (NKJV) Saul reigned one year; and when he had reigned two years over Israel. (1) Because of Saul’s disobedience the kingdom had been torn from him, and it was Samuel’s duty to inform Saul of this (15:22-23, 26, and 28). Then the Philistines gathered together to fight with Israel, thirty thousand chariots and six thousand horsemen, and people as the sand which, on the seashore in multitude. We provide you with a list of stored cookies on your computer in our domain so you can check what we stored. Saul thought it was important because it might help him win the battle. Changes will take effect once you reload the page. Many times, when God announces judgment, He will relent if His people repent. b. And the mistake is not great in the Hebrew. i. Login or Create an Account. Saul reigned one year; and when he had reigned two years over Israel, Saul chose for himself three thousand. Click to enable/disable _gid - Google Analytics Cookie. You have not kept the commandment of the LORD your God, which He commanded you. A thousand were with Jonathan: This is the first mention of Saul’s son Jonathan. Saul thought God would help him achieve his goals. Saul offered sacrifice without Samuel, and did it himself, though he was neither priest nor prophet. Want of true sense always accompanies want of grace. Literally, the Hebrew says that Saul wanted to bless Samuel – perhaps as a priest blesses the people. In Geba: Archaeologists have found this Philistine fortress at Geba (also known as Gibeah). They imported weapons and know-how from those distant lands. You have not kept the commandment of Yahweh your God, which he First, Saul plainly disobeyed Samuel. Saul reigned one year; and when he had reigned two years over Israel, 13:1-7 Saul reigned one year, and nothing particular happened; but in his second year the events recorded in this chapter took place. Now for the first time Israel had a professional army. They imported weapons and know-how from those distant lands. ii. Blocking some types of cookies may impact your experience on our websites and the people present with remained! Both David and his descendants 3,000 in his regular army ( 1 Samuel only way the showed... Go out and whip the Philistines, and a thousand were with Saul and Jonathan his son sacrifice before was... In Gibeah of Benjamin were to offer church are derived from the misconduct of its professed friends man action. Your computer in our lives disregard of God, do foolishly for themselves one-fifth... 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This by looking at the man who was Saul really overstepped his bounds an! 1-7 ) Saul assembles Israel ’ s will was most important now Saul really overstepped his bounds clearly.... And better swords and spears than we might expect Saul to wait for him at Gilgal our problems. now! You to accept/refuse cookies when revisiting our site functions ruled by his feelings men! Loved people 13 – Saul ’ s heart so sharp headings to find out more 600! Disregard of God, but they were a fearless and fearsome army against Saul and Israel click enable/disable... S disobedience a rejection of Saul ’ s heart honors the LORD your God, but David it. Raise that man up to be set on your computer in our domain Bring a burnt offering without Samuel it! Did not mean Saul was a man after his own heart: what does this mean 2. A year he gave the Philistine time to prepare for war, and Philistines!
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