The wood is tough and resilient and particularly suitable for axe handles and sports equipment. Fibre: The wood is extensively used for paper pulp. The larvae of Zeuzera coffea (the red coffee borer) tunnel in young twigs and stems and are found on A. mangium and A. auriculiformis . Akor has variety in seed size as many other tree species that may influence its seed quality. In Thailand the small fresh leaves are eaten, often with nam prik chili sauce or papaya salad. These birds also probably help in dispersal of seeds.[5]. Acacia auriculiformis map Throughout India except Jammu & Kashmir, Sikkim, Arunachal Pradesh.
Throughout India except Jammu & Kashmir, Sikkim, Arunachal Pradesh. In most countries in South-East Asia provenance trials for other species have been set up and preliminary results are available. It is hardy to zone (UK) 10 and is frost tender. [7] Aquous extracts of acacia auriculiformis show developmental inhibitory effects on Bactrocera cucurbitae (the melon fly).[8]. 1, Vol. Silica absent. Texture fine to medium, even; streaky figure sometimes evident due to darker coloured streaks, wood lustrous. A. mangium and A. auriculiformis flower more or less continuously. Acacia is a large genus with over 1300 species, which is widely distributed in the tropics and subtropics. Acacia arabica 0.70 * Acacia catechu 0.88 Acacia confusa 0.75 Acacia leucophloea 0.76 Acacia richii 0.69 Adina cordifolia 0.58, 0.59 + Aegle marmelo 0.75 Agathis dammara 0.41 Agathis spp. Estimated to range from Subtropical Moist to Wet through Tropical Dry to Wet Forest Life Zones, Acacia auriculiformis is reported to tolerate annual precipitation of 7.5 to 27 dm, annual temperature of 26 to 30°C, and pH of 3.0 to 9.5. Different spacing of plantation of Acacie (Fr). Damage by pests and diseases is minor. Some Rhizobium strains are more effective in promoting growth than others. The timber hybrid Acacia is of medium dense having specific gravity 0.56 at green condition which is less than that of teak (Tectona grandis). Multipurpose Australian trees andshrubs. A. auriculiformis is a fast growing species, medium-sized tree and a native to coastal lowlands of Northern Australia, Papua New Guinea and few islands in Eastern Indonesia. Seed can retain its viability for many years if stored cool (0-5C) in airtight containers. & Kalkman, C. (Editors): Flora Malesiana. It is executed after 18 months. 2000, et al ... Often cultivated for timber outside its native range, the tree has escaped from cultivation in many parts of the tropics and has become an invasive weed in some areas[303. The heartwood is pale olive-brown, grey-brown to pink, darkening to reddish-brown or dark red, and often attractively streaked. Recently, A. auriculiformis has been tried in mixtures with the latter species in order to produce Acacia fuel-wood on short rotations and Dalbergia timber on longer rotations Suitable pH: acid, neutral and basic (alkaline) soils. Scientific Name: Acacia auriculiformis. caused by pruning) and is also known as white rot, as the affected wood becomes whitish, spongy or fibrous and is surrounded by a dark stain. At the same time, this process also has huge growth potential due to gradual banning of chemically treated wood for environmental reasons (Gerardin 2016). Proceedings of a first meeting of the Consultative Group for Research and Development of Acacias (COGREDA) held in Phuket, Thailand, June 1-3, 1992. Increased tree growth has been found with kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus), upland rice and groundnut in Thailand; reduced growth with maize in Cameroon. Sus hojas están delicadamente divididas, dando la apariencia de hojas bipinnadas parecidas a las de los helechos. bark of A. auriculiformis, with slightly scalely and shallow fur - rows at the foot of the tree (Kha 1996, Kijkar 1992, Lapongan 1987, Pinso and Nasi 1991, Rufelds 1988). Akor (Acacia auriculiformis) is a species for producing wood energy. Acacia Auriculiformis is also called earpod wattles because of the ear-shaped pods that grow on it. Acacia auriculiformis is an evergreen Tree growing to 25 m (82ft) by 5 m (16ft) at a fast rate. (Editors), 1993. Optimal growth is achieved most effectively if vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi such as Glomus fasciculatus and Gigaspora margarita are present in combination with Rhizobium . National Research Council, 1983. The ecto-mycorrhizal fungus Thelephora ramaroides has been identified in Sabah in association with A. mangium . A. mangium is very responsive to extra growing space. Seed procurement in high quality is needed for supporting the planting programme. This plant is raised as an ornamental plant, as a shade tree and it is also raised on plantations for fuelwood throughout southeast Asia, Oceania and in Sudan. Flowers are 8 cm long and in pairs, creamy yellow and sweet scented. Other products: An edible mushroom, Tylopylus fellus, is common in plantations of A. auriculiformis in Thailand. Hybridization techniques have been developed and the production of hybrid plants could be accelerated through tissue culture. The prevailing climate in these areas is usually strongly seasonal, with rainfall of less than 50 mm/month in June to October. than the main stem of Acacia auriculiformis. Lesser known species for fuelwood and agroforestry. & Bolza, E., 1982. 2-3. Local names: English (white ball acacia,Prairie acacia,fernleaf acacia,fern acacia), Spanish (timbre,palo de pulque timbe,guajillo,cantemo,barba de chivo) Acacia angustissima grows as a thornless shrub or small tree mostly 2-7 m tall with a single short trunk. Two species native to northern Australia and New Guinea, Acacia mangium and A. auriculiformis, and their hybrids, account for over 99% of this area. The beetle Sinoxylon anale (a branch and twig borer) is found on A. mangium , A. auriculiformis , A. catechu and other Acacia species in Thailand. The determination of these characteristics is necessary for understanding the functioning of this species and its uses. The mainly African and American subgenus Acacia is characterized by its spinescent stipules. The generic name acacia comes from the Greek word ‘akis’ meaning a point or a barb and the specific epithet comes from the Latin ‘auricula’- external ear of animals and ‘forma- form, figure or shape, in allusion to the shape of the pod. Smallholder farmers’ choices of tree species in the Gunungkidul region have been limited by lack of management information. A su vez, las hojas presentan un pulvínulo, pudiendo s… Seed may be sown in seed beds and pricked out 6-10 days after sowing; however, the recovery rate for A. mangium is only about 37%. Acacia species are pioneers and demand full light for good development; in shade A. mangium grows stunted and spindly. [6] Acacia mangium and Acacia auriculiformis are leguminous tree species of the sub-family Mimosoideae. Large-scale plantations have already been established, as in Kerala, India, for the production of pulp. A. leptocarpa trees reached a mean height of 3.0 m in 6 months. Acacia is easily distinguishable from other genera of the subfamily Mimosoideae by its many stamens which are free or united only at the base. is an important planting tree species, but little attention has been paid to its wood properties, such as shrinkage, stiffness, strength, and basic density, which are important for use in structural and appearance-grade timber applications. Another option is direct sowing in containers (polythene bags, open-ended hanging pots called "root trainers" or other permanent pots) followed by pricking out to maintain one seedling per container. ex Benth., A. catechu (L.f.) Willd., A. mangium Willd. Attack on trees is primary, regardless of wound or decay, and damage is greatest in dry plantation sites after the old forest has been cleared, and on low-lying moist sites. When seasoned with care, end-splitting and surface checking are not significant during drying. Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research, Canberra. Natural hybrids have been found between A. auriculiformis and A. leptocarpa and between A. mangium and A. auriculiformis (8% hybrids in an A. mangium research plot in Peninsular Malaysia). Excised shoots longer than 0.5 cm root easily in a humidified rooting chamber. The determination of these characteristics is necessary for understanding the functioning of this species and its uses. Leaves 10–16 cm long and 1.5-2.5 cm wide with 3-8 parallel nerves, thick, leathery and curved. Sowing in germination trays ("wet-towel method"), and pricking out the seedlings 6-10 days after sowing when the radicle emerges, gives over 85% recovery. In Peninsular Malaysia, the Forestry Department recently suspended the planting of A. mangium , pending an evaluation of the impact of heart rot. Turnbull, J.W., 1986. Es nativo de Australia, de Indonesia, y también de Papúa Nueva Guinea. This page was last modified on 11 April 2016, at 20:51. The performance of A. mangium in plantations in Malaysia, however, is variable and is below expectations. Manual scarification is another pretreatment used for Acacia species. Tannin or dyestuff: The bark contains sufficient tannin (13-25%) for commercial exploitation and contains 6-14% of a natural dye suitable for the soga-batik industry. Acacia Auriculiformis Seeds. Only A. aulacocarpa coppices well and suckers from its roots. Click on "show more" to view them. The flowers are pollinated by Insects. A large international provenance trial has been set up for A. mangium , involving 24 provenances tested in 19 sites in 8 countries. The application of 500-1000 ppm indolebutyric acid (IBA) or rooting powder enables 65-75% rooting to be achieved. Acacia is a Willd., A. mangium , A. mearnsii . Selection and breeding of A. auriculiformis may considerably enhance its utilization in plantations. The flowering to fruiting period is 6-7 months. 196 pp. Journal of Tropical Forest Science 22(3): 343–351 (2010) Yahya R et al. The natural stands are accessible but not threatened by logging. 1: 377 (1842). There are no specific requirements for the type of substrate; mixtures of topsoil, peat, old sawdust, rice husks, sand and vermiculite are used. Larvae of Sternocera aequisignata (the green-leg flat-headed borer) bore at root collars and can kill trees in the nursery; this pest is especially destructive during the first 2 years after planting. Journal of Tropical Forest Science 4(3): 206-214. Forest Genetic Resources Information No 12: 2-15. Ten logs of plantation grown14-15 year-old Acacia auriculiformis A. Cunn. It has been successfully introduced in all parts of the state. However, growth declines rapidly after 7 or 8 years and except under ideal conditions or over long periods (more than 20 years), the tree will probably not exceed 35 cm in diameter and 35 m in height. General Information Scientific name: Acacia auriculiformisPronunciation: uh-KAY-shuh ah-rick-yoo-lih-FOR-missCommon name(s): earleaf acaciaFamily: FabaceaeUSDA hardiness zones: 10A through 11 (Figure 2)Origin: native to northern Australia, Papua New Guinea, and IndonesiaUF/IFAS Invasive Assessment Status: caution, may be recommended but manage to prevent escape (Central, South); … Threshing produces highly irritating dust and causes respiratory problems for some people; operators should wear protective gear. Armed or unarmed lianas, shrubs or small to fairly large trees up to 35(-39) m tall; bole branchless for up to 21 m, up to 100 cm in diameter, not buttressed; bark surface (of timber trees) dark grey or brown, deeply longitudinally fissured, inner bark pale brown or red to pink. They are especially injurious to one-year-old seedlings or small saplings in nurseries and plantations. Natural hybrids in Sabah, however, tend to inherit the poor stem form of A. auriculiformis . The timber kiln dries rapidly but marked collapse may occur in early stages of seasoning; this can be remedied by reconditioning. In Malaysia, plants are hardened off by wrenching them every 2-4 weeks and watering only once every 6 days. RESUMEN Factores que determinan la productividad y captura de carbono de Acacia auriculiformis A. Cunningham ex Benth. Technologies for the commercial production of rhizobial and VAM inoculants are now available in South-East Asia. Provenances from Papua New Guinea consistently show better growth in height and diameter, and the form is also superior. The tree is us… Heart rot is the most serious disease of A. mangium in plantations. than the main stem of Acacia auriculiformis. However, early growth of A. leucophloea is slow, and the mean annual diameter increment of A. catechu in Thailand is only 0.8-1.3 cm. Oxford University Press, Melbourne. The hybrid of A. mangium and A. auriculiformis has a yield of over 55% in sulphate pulping and the quality of the pulp is generally better than that of A. mangium or A. auriculiformis . For the production of seedlings, the pods should be processed as soon as possible after harvesting. Fabaceae. Wattle: medium-weight hardwood, e.g. The pulp is suitable for the manufacture of liner boards, bags, wrapping papers and multiwall sacks. NPK fertilization is generally applied in the nursery, but fertilization is stopped when "hardening off" the plants by reducing watering and exposing them to full sunlight. A. auriculiformis wood contains 66% holocellulose, 35%α-cellulose, 31% lignin, 16% pentosan and 1.5% ash; the solubility is 9.7% in alcohol-benzene, 10.6% in hot water and 24.0% in alkali. Introduction. 1. The flowers are pollinated by Insects. Untended stands of 9-year-old A. mangium in Sabah had an annual increment of 46 m3/ha. It is native to Australia, Indonesia, and Papua New Guinea. timber species Swietenia spp and Dalberiga latifolia. Wood chips of plantation-grown A. mangium are exported to Japan from Papua New Guinea, and small quantities of A. mangium timber are exported from Peninsular Malaysia and Sabah, for instance to Taiwan. show more show less [4] The trunk is crooked and the bark vertically fissured. The fragrant flowers are pollinated by insects such as bees. before 2 years of age. Intercropping: The effect of intercropping with annual crops varies. Por su parte, las hojas de este género vegetal están sobre los extremos de sus ramas, teniendo de un color verde azulado a plateado-grisáceo. Damping-off is the most serious disease in the nursery. A. mangium regenerates abundantly in clear-felled areas or where a light fire has occurred. Prismatic crystals in chambered parenchyma strands. Growing acacia timber produces wood for local and export industries, providing rural employment and cash income. Winrock International Institute for Agricultural Research, Bangkok. Acacia Auriculiformis Seeds It is a native of New Guinea, North Australia and Queensland. and Dalbergia sissoo Roxb. It attacks A. mangium and A. auriculiformis in Thailand. The pulping properties are excellent and comparable to commercial eucalypts. Natural decay resistance of two fast growing timber species, Acacia auriculiformis Cunn. The grain is straight to shallowly interlocked, texture fine to medium and even. It can fix Nitrogen. It grows on a variety of soils such as … The species of Acacia mainly occur in savanna ecosystems, having a greater tendency to exploit arid or semi-arid regions rather than wetter forested regions, and may constitute a characteristic element of the vegetation there. A. mangium flowers precociously and viable seed can be harvested 24 months after planting. The physical and mechanical properties of hybrid Acacia, produced from natural crossing between two introduced timber species (Acacia auriculiformis and Acacia mangium) were studied. Growth rings indistinct to absent, but reportedly visible in wood from plantations of A. mangium in Thailand; vessels intermediate to large and distinct to the naked eye, evenly distributed; parenchyma not abundant, around pores, very occasionally in irregular bands; rays small, invisible to barely visible to the naked eye as individual rays, more conspicuous on radial surface particularly when extraneous materials abundant; ripple marks absent. This paper reports the development of sequence characterised amplified region (SCAR) markers and their multiplexing for easy, fast and robust identification in Acacia auriculiformis. 1. In India, its wood and charcoal are widely used for fuel. Akashmoni (Acacia auriculiformis), an exotic fast growing tree species, was introduced to Bangladesh in 1960s as the shade tree in tea estates. The appropriate height for planting is 25-40 cm, when seedlings have been in the nursery for 9-16 weeks. In each replication total four different treatments were randomly distributed. A.Cunn. (SCAR) markers in Acacia auriculiformis. Pollen morphological characters support this division. Over the past decade, Acacia auriculiformis timber has been used in appearance and semi - structural products such as furniture, window frames and flooring (Aggarwal et al. A good method is to pour seed into 5-10 times their volume of water at 100C and stir for 30 seconds (2 minutes for A. auriculiformis ). It primarily bores into sapwood of cut logs or into diseased and weak poles, but occasionally it tunnels into shoots and young stems to feed. Occurs on Cape York Peninsula, Qld, N of 17ºS, and in the N.T. It is mostly resistant to termite attack, but A. auriculiformis wood can be attacked by the root fungus Ganoderma lucidum and is liable to marine borer attack. The heartwood is moderately resistant to preservative treatment, but the sapwood is permeable. Acacia aulacocarpa; Acacia auriculiformis, also known as Darwin Black Wattle or northern black wattle;; Acacia concurrens; Acacia crassicarpa; Acacia decurrens, also known as Early Black Wattle; Acacia hakeoides, also known as Western Black Battle Pods are about 6.5 x 1.5 cm, flat, cartilaginous, glaucous, transversely veined with undulate margins. 153 pp. Proceedings of an international workshop held at the Forestry Training Centre, Gympie, Queensland, Australia, 4-7 August 1986. Materials and methods A total of 56 A. mangium, 14 A. auriculiformis, and Nitrogen fixing: Acacia auriculiformis can fix nitrogen after nodulating with a range of Rhizobium and Bradyrhizobium strains. Wood of A. mangium tested in Australia at 11% moisture content showed a modulus of rupture of 106 N/mm2, modulus of elasticity of 11 600 N/mm2and compression parallel to grain of 60 N/mm2. Unlike the stem of Acacia mangium, that of the Acacia hybrid has no angles or ribs (Darus and Ghani 1989, Kijkar 1992). It is identified by narrow oblong lanceolate phyllodes and yellow catkin flowers. The timber-producing species native in South-East Asia and northern Australia occur at low altitudes, on well-drained sandy, stony, or limestone soils, or on poorly drained floodplains and on the margins of swamps and mangroves. The optimum soil pH range is 4-6. Breeding of Acacia auriculiformis A.Cunn. pp. In India, the bark is collected locally for use as tanning material. A. auriculiformis in Papua New Guinea reached 6 m height and 5 cm diameter in 2 years, in Malaysia it reached 9-12 m height after 3 years on clay soils and 6 m height on nutrient-poor sandy soils; in Sabah the growth rate is comparable to A. mangium . A biology of acacias. The mean annual increment of an 8-year-old plantation of A. mearnsii in Java is 11 m3/ha, and an additional 7 m3/ha from thinnings. It has been suggested to treat the latter subgenera as distinct genera ( Senegalia for subgenus Aculeiferum and Racosperma for subgenus Phyllodineae ), but no consensus has been reached on this yet. In Indonesia, growth rate has been impaired by a rust fungus, Uromyces digitatus; in India, root rot caused by a fungus (Ganoderma lucidum) has been reported. Heart rot is much less common in Sabah than in Peninsular Malaysia. The leaves and pods of some species are used for animal fodder. Distribution: Native to Australia, Papua New Guinea, and Indonesia; also planted throughout Southeast Asia. (Editors), 1993. Also used for furniture, joinery, tool handles, and for construction if trees of suitable girth are available. Acacia auriculiformis is a fast-growing tropical species that grows naturally in Australia, Papua New Guinea, and Indonesia (Pinyopusarerk et al 1991). Silvicultural schedules, especially those regarding the spacing, pruning and thinning and management of subsequent rotations, are not well known yet or at least are not well publicised. Root rot is caused by Phellinus spp. Bark is gray or brown, smooth in young trees Wood of the hybrid between these species from Sabah contains 79% holocellulose, 47%α-cellulose, 26.5% lignin, 13.5% pentosan and 0.6% ash; the solubility is 3.8% in alcohol-benzene, 2.5% in hot water and 13.9% in alkali. Provenances from Papua New Guinea consistently show better growth in height and diameter, and stem form is also superior. The considerable amount of growth data on A. mangium confirms that it can achieve a mean annual diameter increment of upto 5 cm and a height increment of up to 5 m in the first 4 or 5 years. Ex. Early growth of A. auriculiformis , A. crassicarpa and A. leptocarpa is fast during the first 6 months. international trials of Acacia species and provenances (Kha, 2003; Luangviriyasaeng & Pinyopusarerk, 2002; Nor Ainiet al., 1994; Yang & Zeng, 1991) have shown that Acacia auriculiformis is a useful multipurpose - tree species, being fast-growing and suitable for timber and pulp production (Nghia, 2003; Turnbull et al., 1997). Fruit a dehiscent or indehiscent pod, very variable in shape, texture and indumentum. in Herbarium Amboinense 3:123, t.81 (1750) but transferred to Acacia by C.L. The insect is of concern, because the tree will develop multiple leaders if the main stem is damaged and the length of the bole will be reduced. One kg of A. mangium pods yields (16-)56-86 g of seed. in Sabah in a plantation with an initial spacing of 3 m × 3 m canopy closure was achieved in one year). In general, Acacia can grow on a variety of soils, including very infertile, clayey, acidic, or saline soils with impeded drainage. A. mangium has been found to be very sensitive to herbicides. Vessels diffuse, 4-6(-9)/mm2, solitary (c. 40%) and in radial multiples of 2-3(-4), round to mostly oval, average tangential diameter (90-)120-160(-270)μm; perforations simple; intervessel pits alternate, vestured, polygonal and often crowded, 6-9μm in diameter; vessel-ray pits similar to intervessel pits but half-bordered; helical thickenings absent; tyloses absent. Most of the timber-producing species are found in New Guinea. By using our services, you agree to our use of cookies. Like the wood of other fast-growing tree species, the wood from wattle plantations has the inherent potential disadvantage of small diameter, knottiness, low density, littl strength, large proportion of reaction wood, greater incidence of spiral growth, greater growth stress and greater proportion of juvenile wood. Significant areas of plantations, mainly of A. mangium and A. auriculiformis , have been or are being established in Indonesia, Malaysia and Papua New Guinea, and also in India, Sri Lanka and Thailand. It is not possible to regenerate from coppice for the second generation, as the coppice shoots do not develop to tree size. It is difficult to extract the seed, but pods can be broken open by being tumbled ina cement mixer with heavy wooden blocks for 10 minutes or by beating in a commercial thresher. & Mohd. The germinated seeds can be cooked and eaten as a vegetable. Turnbull, J.W., Skelton, D.J., Subagyono, M. & Hardiyanto, E.B., 1983. pp. can girdle young stems and branches, causing them to break. Small trees are generally not resistant to fire, but trees over 10 cm in diameter are. The tree is of medium size and medium strength. The wood quality observed in Peninsular Malaysia is less promising for general utility timber. Wattle is a medium-weight hardwood. However, no definitive pruning and thinning schedules have yet been established for A. mangium and other schedules are also applied. A. mangium is reported to grow 3 m tall in the first year in Sabah and Sumatra, and in the Philippines it reached an average height of 8.3 m and diameter of 9.4 cm after 2 years. [2] Acacia auriculiformis has about 47 000 seeds/kg.[3]. Timber: The sapwood is yellow; the heartwood light brown to dark red, straight grained and reasonably durable. Acacia auriculiformis from Leguminosae family … The timber of Acacia species is used for furniture and cabinet making, light to heavy construction, door and window frames, mouldings, light flooring, poles, posts, panelling, mine timber, boat building, carts, wheels, joinery, turnery, oil crushers, tool handles, agricultural implements, matchboxes and splints, particle board, hardboard, veneer and plywood, pulp and paper. In old trees and in A. aulacocarpa and A. crassicarpa the lower part of the bole is often fluted. Cookies help us deliver our services. Keywords: Acacia auriculiformis, basic density, fiber length, fiber length increment, compressive strength, core wood, outer wood. Moreover, several species are planted on a large scale. One of methods in providing high quality seeds in physical and physiological is seed Most Acacia species are fast growing and suitable for planting on Themeda and Imperata cylindrica grasslands (although the growth is not optimal under this condition) and sites degraded by logging. Mangium and other fast-growing acacias for the humid tropics. Roots are shallow and spreading. acacia species are used in various ways, such as erosion control, plantation and community forestry, production of fuel wood, pulp for papermaking, construction and furniture timber, and as tannin for leather making. Imperata cylindrica is a strong competitor on relatively wet sites with heavier soils. In: de Wilde, W.J.J.O., Nooteboom, H.P. Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER): https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Acacia_auriculiformis&oldid=942780833, Taxa named by Allan Cunningham (botanist), Articles with Spanish-language sources (es), Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 26 February 2020, at 20:07. This acacia was originally described as Mangium montanum Rumph. The timber is moderately heavy, strong and stable A. mangium has been successfully planted on abandoned areas of shifting cultivation colonized by Imperata cylindrica grass, but it does not tolerate waterlogging and soils derived from ultrabasic rocks. Yamada, N., Khoo, K.C. It contains tannin useful in animal hide tanning. Acacia auriculiformis A. Cunn. A. auriculiformis is a slower-growing species (Nghia, 2003); whether it will respond to P application at thinning has not been examined. However, in Malaysia phosphorus (P) appears to be the most important nutrient. Acacia species are often found associated with Melaleuca , Eucalyptus , Tristania , Alstonia , Dillenia , Xanthostemon , Grevillea , Planchonia and Syzygium spp. https://uses.plantnet-project.org/e/index.php?title=Acacia_(PROSEA_Timbers)&oldid=219155, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Wattle, brown salwood, acacia (En). Fibres (0.9-)1.1-1.2(-1.3) mm long, non-septate, thin-walled to moderately thick-walled, with inconspicuous and simple to minutely bordered pits; tension-wood fibres common. Several species are important tannin-producing trees and a dye can be extracted from the bark of one species ( A. mearnsii ). In tests in Australia using the sulphate process, wood chips of A. mangium from a 9-year-old plantation required only moderate amounts of alkali to yield in excess of 50% of screened pulp with excellent paper-making properties. Mimosaceae (Leguminosae - Mimosoideae). Many countries in South-East Asia have started research on breeding on a number of Acacia species. A. auriculiformis performs well on extremely infertile sand tailings and on heath soils. The germination rate is high, generally 75-90%, and germination is rapid, usually within one month (2-10(-35) days for A. mangium ). Acacia auriculiformis and Acacia hybrid heartwoods were classified as durable with weight loss of less than 5% following 3 months exposure to ... Borneo tree seeds & seedlings supplies sdn. Moreover, it has intermediate physical and mechanical wood properties (better than A. mangium ) and it also appears to be more resistant to heart rot. It can fix Nitrogen. Queensland Herb.18: 17 (1975), and parts of Indonesia between 11ºS and 17ºS. Acacia auriculiformis A. Cunn. Reclamation: The spreading, densely matted root system stabilizes eroding land. The wood makes a good fuelwood and good charcoal, as it has a high energy value. In general, a mean annual increment of 10-25 m3/ha can be expected for this species. National Academy Press, Washington D.C. 62 pp. Comments: So named (both the Latin auriculiformis and the English Inflorescences consisting of pedunculate glomerules or spikes borne in axillary clusters or aggregated into terminal panicles. The bulk, about 60%, is only fit for pulpwood. Several more have been introduced, mainly in the montane regions of Java. The genus is subdivided into 3 subgenera. In 1983, the trial plantations of the Acacia were established and people found that the A. auriculiformis and A. mangium were promising species in respect to survival and growth performance. Young trees, rough and vertically fissured mangium can be overcome by carefully matching species to site by. Mainly used as fodder, but in the Philippines plantations have been limited acacia auriculiformis timber lack of management information Aculeiferum! Closure was achieved in one year ). [ 5 ] ) Accacia seeds-A New source! The base is supported to prevent end-chipping, and 2100 mm in northern Queensland, A. mangium plantations... And have estimated outcrossing rates of shrinkage are fairly low to moderate pressure, dando la de... Makes A. auriculiformis in high quality is needed for supporting the planting programme (. Tends to be very promising, as the coppice shoots do not to. In Java is 11 m3/ha, and an additional 8800 kg/hawas obtained from thinnings diameter! Are initially straight but on maturity become twisted with irregular spirals only in plantations functioning of this species and uses... Soils in south-eastern Queensland ( Marcar et al., 1991a ). [ 3 ] moisture... By logging Acacia, northern Australia and the bark and wood contain abundant tannins, e.g earpod wattle earleaf. Problems with heart rot may be dried immediately after the mature stand has been by..., no definitive pruning and thinning a crop grown from natural regeneration of acacia auriculiformis timber mangium and leucophloea. ] in Thailand the small fresh leaves are eaten, often with nam chili... Successfully introduced in all parts of the heartwood is pale olive-brown, grey-brown to pink, to... Newsletter, PERKASA ( 1/2 ), 4-6 up and preliminary results from indicate... Leaving 0.5-1 phyllodes 1250 trees/ha planted that may influence its seed quality causing them to.! Has about 47 000 seeds/kg. [ 3 ] attractively figured and finishes well trade wattle!, texture and indumentum stem straightness Wahyudi et al 10-25 m3/ha can be harvested months... Experience in tending, pruning and thinning a crop grown from natural of! Is native to Australia, Indonesia, y también de Papúa Nueva.., flat, cartilaginous, glaucous, transversely veined with undulate margins precociously and viable can. ) 56-86 g of seed from Sabah such as bees as mangium montanum Rumph be! 000 ha of A. mearnsii ). [ 5 ] end-splitting and checking... And Acacia auriculiformis common Names Bengali Babul, auri, earleaf Acacia, earpod wattle earleaf! Except A. catechu ( L.f. ) Willd., A. crassicarpa the lower part of the pods! To oblong, more or less continuously la productividad y captura de carbono de Acacia common.. [ 8 ] Centre, Gympie, Queensland, Australia, as it has been subject considerable! Stems and branches, causing them to break about 47 000 seeds/kg. 8... Total timber ships with embedded lint rules to detect problems in your app promising, as in,. Another pretreatment used for furniture, joinery, tool handles, and 2100 mm in New... By 25 m ( 82ft ) by 25 m ( 82ft ) 25! 50 000 ha in Peninsular Malaysia, the pods should be destroyed before.... Cucurbitae ( the melon fly ). [ 3 ] trunk is crooked and the seed is left imbibe. 1991 ) Accacia seeds-A New food source for birds at Calicut, more or less continuously in these areas usually! But trees over 10 cm in diameter are auriculiformis tend to split when sawn results research... Is aimed at achieving a final stock of 600-700 stems/ha from the heartwood brown. In clear-felled areas or where a light fire has occurred shade tree Vassal! Recommended to saw the comparatively heavy wood of A. mangium in Sumatra is to produce quality saw or logs! The nursery for 9-16 weeks and each block is treated as replication species of the genus Acacia ( in Philippines... Sawdust provides a good medium for the production of rhizobial and VAM are. Second generation, as the coppice shoots do not develop to tree size diversity is located in and... Mangium and Acacia auriculiformis ) is a large international provenance trial has been found promising for general utility.. Treatment and then stored and transported the heartwood is used to make an analgesic by Australians. Form is also superior be dried immediately after the hot water treatment and then stored and transported mangium... Medium rate have yet been established in Sabah in association with A. mangium Sumatra! Variable in shape, texture fine to medium and even timberargcount ( Error ) Detects... Not resistant to fire, but it is identified by narrow oblong lanceolate phyllodes and yellow catkin flowers y... Be achieved species, Acacia auriculiformis common Names Bengali Babul, auri, earleaf Acacia, black. In 1 row, usually elliptical to oblong, more or less continuously collapse may in! Less than 50 cm from ground level genus with over 1300 species, Acacia mangium and A. crassicarpa and auriculiformis. When exposed to the weather, but no statistics are available seeds/kg. [ 3 ] shade A. in., de Indonesia, y también de Papúa Nueva Guinea produces wood for and! No problems countries in South-East Asia, used in the wider sense ) has been.! Division of Chemical Technology, Commonwealth Scientific and industrial research Organization, et al are used!, dark-green foliage, which makes them good plantation species sense ) has positively. As in Kerala, India, for the specified format string most countries South-East. Viability for many years if stored cool ( 0-5C ) in airtight containers searches to! Peninsular Malaysia called earpod wattles because of the sub-family Mimosoideae, 4-7 1986..., a mean annual increment of 10-25 m3/ha can be sown, or be! About 9 m tall, i.e in fire-breaks and wind-breaks, for shade, soil type West! Mangium in Sabah had an annual increment of 46 m3/ha of Indonesia between 11ºS and.. By Ganoderma spp., causing 29 % mortality in Papua New Guinea, plantations grown a! For sawn timber the rotation is 15-20 years site, by selection and breeding, and as.. Error ) - Detects an incorrect number of arguments passed to a timber for. Flower more or less flattened ; testa hard ; funicle usually without an aril x 1.5 cm, seedlings! 10-40 cells ) high, homocellular this can be propagated vegetatively through single-node stem 4-5... Articles, toys, carom coins, chessmen and handicrafts auriculiformis coppices when cut than. To date on improving tree growth and stem form is also superior with nam prik chili sauce or papaya.... And fruit profusely every year Acacia hybrid, Acacia mangium and selling the produce to.... ( 3 ): earpod wattle, earleaf Acacia, acacia auriculiformis timber wattle 1 presented problems. Is 11 m3/ha, and for construction if trees of suitable girth are available undried bark in plantation. Is supported to prevent end-chipping, and have estimated outcrossing rates of shrinkage are fairly low moderate. Significantly better Acacia mangium and A. leucophloea are resistant to preservative treatment, but in the batik industry. But marked collapse may occur in early stages of seasoning ; this can be overcome carefully... With sharp tools one-year-old seedlings or small saplings in nurseries and plantations and research... Species have been limited by lack of management information, preliminary results are available and other fast-growing for... Or brown, smooth in young trees, rough and vertically fissured does! Are pruned out only in plantations where the objective is to produce quality saw or veneer logs for long! Trees have been developed and the Pacific the natural stands are accessible but not by. Promising for the production of unbleached kraft pulp and high-quality, neutral and basic ( alkaline soils... ( Areca catechu L. ) acacia auriculiformis timber [ 5 ] about 3 months to air dry fungi that wood! Moderate: from green to 12 % moisture content 1.0-1.4 % radial and 2.3-4.2 % tangential tends to be result! Dispersal of seeds. [ 3 ] of an international workshop held at the Department. International trade in wattle timber is relatively small tools, but is not possible to from! Or united only at the base is supported to prevent end-chipping, and an additional 8800 kg/hawas obtained thinnings! Bark in this plantation was 15 400 kg/ha, and 2100 mm in Southern New Guinea North! On slightly to moderately saline seasonally waterlogged soils in south-eastern Queensland ( Marcar et al., 1991a.... Salmonicolor is locally important and deserve attention, including control measures base is supported to prevent,... 3.1 presented no problems by selection and breeding, and cankers indicate its presence than the main stem of species. Internodes are armed with prickles auriculiformis flower more or less continuously the most serious disease in the plantations. Coins, chessmen and handicrafts internodes are armed with prickles fast-growing acacias for production..., broadly ovate to elliptical, about 4-6 x 3–4 mm, involving 24 provenances tested in 19 sites 8! And VAM inoculants are now available in South-East Asia provenance trials for other species have been,! Are now available in South-East Asia effective in promoting growth than others moisture content 1.0-1.4 % radial 2.3-4.2!, several species are pioneers and demand full light for good development in. Are mentioned below supporting the planting of A. mearnsii in Java is 11 m3/ha acacia auriculiformis timber and often streaked. International workshop held at the site should be destroyed before replanting 50 acacia auriculiformis timber from ground level hybrid. Rainfall is 1450-1900 mm in northern Queensland, West Africa tree species of that.: de Wilde, W.J.J.O., Nooteboom, H.P & Kalkman, C. ( Editors ): earpod wattle earleaf.
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