Associated fauna Depledge. Environmental Records Information Centre North East, 2018. (2000) on the Finnish Baltic Sea west coast. Swarmer release and distribution of life-cycle phases of Enteromorpha intestinalis Chlorophyta in relation to environmental factors. Spartina patens and other saline plants in the Genesee Valley of western New York. Ulva lactuca covering a rock in the shallow intertidal zone. British Phycological Journal 11(4): 309-313. The order of metal toxicity to algae varies, with the algal species and experimental conditions, but generally the order is Hg>Cu>Cd>Ag>Pb>Zn (Rice, There is insufficient information available to make an assessment about the effects of reduced oxygen in the water column upon, No information was found concerning the effects of microbial pathogens on, The benchmark for extraction is the removal of 50% of the, No other species are identified to be host or prey items for. Volume 2. Moss, B. Where does growth appear to occur? Enteromorpha intestinalis (L.) Nees, 1820. & Woodhead, P., 1975. Vertical distribution of seaweed spores in a water column off shore of North Carolina. Abstract. Lewis, S., May, S., Donkin, M.E. Hsp70 expression in Enteromorpha intestinalis (Chlorophyta) exposed to environmental stressors. In these regions, U. intestinalis may form green tides and biofouling mats that cause cascading effects throughout the food web. Mats of U. intestinalis in England also caused an order of magnitude decrease in abundance of the economically important bivalve Cerastoderma edule (Romano et al. Linnaeus was right all along: Ulva and Enteromorpha are not distinct genera. Pollution and marine life. Occurrence dataset: https://doi.org/10.15468/opc6g1 accessed via GBIF.org on 2018-10-01. Esch & R.W. (2003) observed in England an increase in friction drag with the presence of Ulva intestinalis mats, causing a 10% to 56% reduction in current velocities. Ulva intestinalis is often the only seaweed found in supralittoral rockpools, and the copepod and chironomid species utilize the hollow thallus of Ulva intestinalis as a moist refuge from desiccation when the rockpools completely dry out. Follow all label instructions. Occurrence dataset http://www.aphotomarine.com/index.html Accessed via NBNAtlas.org on 2018-10-01. McAllen, R., 1999. Imperial Chemical Industries Limited Paints Division, Research Department Memorandum PVM45/B/435. Marine Ecology Progress Series 138(1-3): 157-168. Fronds may be 10-30 cm or more in length and 6-18 mm in diameter, the tips of which are usually rounded. Individual cells are often relatively round or ovoid but sometimes may be rectangular or polygon-shaped. Clay, E., 1960b. 2. Like other members of the genus, Ulva intestinalis is a summer annual, decaying and forming masses of bleached white fronds towards the end of the season. Development of microsatellite markers in the green algae. Ulva intestinalis ( NO:Tarmgrønske ENG:Sea grass) 3 photos (see below for more photos) Habit Photo by: Kjersti Sjøtun Location: Svelgen, Øygarden, Hordaland Verified by Network members Sampling date: 2007-07-01. Seaweeds are traditionally used as human food, because they provide nutritional value and a specific taste. Potential: Ulva intestinalis is one of the species that contributes to the 109 kg of seaweed removed every year from recreational beaches in France (Blomster et al. British seaweeds. Hruby, T. & Norton, T.A., 1979. Zimmerman. The MarLIN sensitivity assessment approach used below has been superseded by the MarESA (Marine Evidence-based Sensitivity Assessment) approach (see menu). British Phycological Journal, 13, 149-153. Mass occurrence of unattached Enteromorpha intestinalis on the Finnish Baltic Sea coast. none of the eulittoral zone material was able to regenerate in freshwater or concentrated seawater, whilst littoral fringe and rock pool material was able to do so. Back, S., A. Lehvo, and J. Blomster. The physical characteristics of seaweed thalli as deterrents to littorine grazers. 1998. British Phycological Journal 13(2): 149-153. Species within the genus Ulva are difficult to identify. McArthur, D.M. Boyer, J.S. McKay. Say, P.J., Burrows, I.G. Fife Nature Records Centre, 2018. Plant species diversity in a marine intertidal community, importance of herbivore food preference and algal competitive abilities. Reed, R.H. & Russell, G., 1978. Occurrence dataset: https://doi.org/10.15468/xtrbvy accessed via GBIF.org on 2018-09-27. The ecological impact of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus (Lamarck) in Lough Ine, Ireland. Hayward, P., Nelson-Smith, T. & Shields, C. 1996. Size 6 to 24 inches Habitat. 1964. & Babb, M.S., 1968. Names and dates are hyperlinked to their relevant specimen records. Linnaeus was right all along: Ulva and Enteromorpha are not distinct genera. Occurrence dataset: https://doi.org/10.15468/ab4vwo accessed via GBIF.org on 2018-10-02. Ulva intestinalis is amongst the first multicellular algae to appear on substrata that have been cleared following a disturbance, e.g. Many factors can affect the presence of hazards including seaweed type, physiology, season, harvest and cultivation environment, geography including the location of cultivation, alongside further processing. 1984. Manuscript III Sofia Raikova, Joakim Olsson, Joshua J. Mayers, Göran M. Nylund, Eva Albers, and Christopher J. Chuck. Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh Herbarium (E). 34 °E) in Qingdao, Shandong, China, were named “P” (Fig. It exhibits rapid nutrient uptake, growth, and osmoregulation, particularly in conditions of reduced salinity and light. LERN Records. 1976. Moss, B.L. Clark, R.B., 1997. Messyasz, B., and A. Rybak. 1998. 2005. Furthermore, Romano et al. Epibionts like Ulva can also exert increased drag on snails living in high flow conditions, causing them to invest more energy in foot muscles and less in growth (Wahl 1996). 1986. Flindt, and J.C. Marques. 2004. Occurrence dataset: https://doi.org/10.15468/h1ln5p accessed via GBIF.org on 2018-09-25. Occurrence dataset: https://doi.org/10.15468/lo2tge accessed via GBIF.org on 2018-10-01. Complex interactions of climatic and ecological controls on macroalgal recruitment. Novel morphology in Enteromorpha (Ulvophyceae) forming green tides. But ambiguity exists because low salinity or salinity shock can induce branching in Ulva intestinalis. It is particularly prolific in areas where nutrients are abundant. Regeneration of Enteromorpha. 1999, McAvoy and Klug 2005). National Trust, 2017. Effects of geographical location on potentially valuable components in Ulva intestinalis sampled along the Swedish coast. Great Lakes region nonindigenous occurrences, the earliest and latest observations in each state/province, and the tally and names of HUCs with observations†. Green algal ropes: a novel estuarine phenomenon in the Gulf of Maine. Manx Biological Recording Partnership, 2018. Collins pocket guide. AU - Raikova, Sofia. Guiry, M.D. The motile period of swarmers of Enteromorpha intestinalis (L.) Link. Occurrence dataset: https://doi.org/10.15468/ypoair accessed via GBIF.org on 2018-10-02. Published: 2009-04-02 The species often grows … Stress proteins (HSPs): methods of detection and their use as an environmental biomonitor. & Blomster, J., 2000. For instance, the occurrence of a summer mass of unattached Ulva intestinalis (as Enteromorpha intestinalis) was studied by Baeck et al. 80-92. Acta Oceanologica, 20, 259-265. Kent Wildlife Trust Shoresearch Intertidal Survey 2004 onwards. AlgaeBase. Marine Ecology Progress Series 218: 87-93. 1994. Smith, J.E. Marine Environment Resource Mapping And Information Database (MERMAID): Marine Nature Conservation Review Survey Database. Netherlands Journal of Aquatic Ecology 28(1): 25-33. The information (TEXT ONLY) provided by the Marine Life Information Network (MarLIN) is licensed under a, Conservation of Species and Habitats Regulations, Species of Principal Importance (England), Marine Evidence based Sensitivity Assessment (MarESA) (Summary), Introduction of microbial pathogens/parasites, https://www.nmni.com/CEDaR/CEDaR-Centre-for-Environmental-Data-and-Recording.aspx, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, Open coast, Strait / sound, Ria / Voe, Enclosed coast / Embayment, Lower littoral fringe, Mid eulittoral, Supralittoral, Upper eulittoral, Upper littoral fringe, Bedrock, Cobbles, Large to very large boulders, Muddy sand, Small boulders, Extremely sheltered, Moderately exposed, Sheltered, Ultra sheltered, Very sheltered, Full (30-40 psu), Low (<18 psu), Reduced (18-30 psu), See additional Information, Variable (18-40 psu), The effects of increased suspended sediment on adults is likely to be indirect but include smothering (above) as a result of siltation, and increased turbidity and therefore light attenuation (see below). Alstroem-Rapaport, C., and E. Leskinen. Journal of Great Lakes Research 19(1): 1-54. Outer Hebrides Biological Recording, 2018. Is it diffuse, or localized to a meristem? Occurrence dataset: https://doi.org/10.15468/55albd accessed via GBIF.org on 2018-10-02. Ulva intestinalis Large green lumps of Ulva intestinalis floating among other brown algae in Brofjorden Ulva intestinalis is a green alga in the family Ulvaceae, known by the common names sea lettuce, gutweed and grass kelp. NBIS Records to December 2016. Bulletin of the Iraq Natural History Museum 8(2): 163-172. Annales Botanici Fennici, 37, 155-161. Ulva intestinalis is a conspicuous bright grass-green seaweed, consisting of inflated irregularly constricted, tubular fronds that grow from a small discoid base. Separation of species within the genus is difficult and reliant on cellular features, but. Enteromorpha intestinalis) (Linnaeus). Vadas, R.L., Keser, M. & Rusanowski, P.C., 1976. Forest, and B. Shero. Specific growth rate of the seaweed during the spring-summer period was found to be 0.15-0.25 cm/day. AU - Mayers, Joshua. & Stanhope, M.J., 1998. Fewer, M. Kiirikki, A. Lehvo, C.A. The Biology of Rocky Shores. Marine Ecology Progress Series 284: 109-116. & Marques, J.C., 1999. Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 2018. There is little or no evidence to support that Ulva intestinalis has significant beneficial effects in the Great Lakes. American Naturalist, 112, 23-39. Muenscher, W.C. 1927. Maggs, and M.J. Stanhope. Internationally, Ulva intestinalis has also been associated directly or in part with negative impacts on diversity or specific taxa. Knight, M. & Parke M.W., 1931. Samples from the Portage River, Ohio are branched. Regeneration of Enteromorpha intestinalis. Journal of Phycology 34: 319-340. In areas where, The light attenuating effects of increased turbidity are likely to impact on the photosynthetic efficiency of, Wave induced scouring and burial of habitats by sand tends to prevent seaweed growth, except for those that are stress tolerant, robust perennials, or opportunistic ephemeral species such as. Branching may be inversely related to salinity. Cofnod – North Wales Environmental Information Service, 2018. Biologiya Morya, 2, 1991. Field and cultural studies of Ulva and Enteromorpha in the vicinity of Port Aransas, Texas. & Tierney, D., 1973. Ulva intestinalis has the potential to be a superior macrophyte competitor. The list of references for all nonindigenous occurrences of Ulva (Enteromorpha) intestinalis are found here. Mature specimens, are 'crisped' and irregularly inflated. Cummins, S.P., D. E. Roberts, and K.D. Lake Michigan Field Station, 1431 Beach St., Muskegon, MI 49441-1098 (231) 759-7824 The Wildlife Information Centre, 2018. Can be free-floating in the water or attached to rocks, pilings and other hard surfaces. Ulva intestinalis on the other hand has a green thallus with tubular branches originating from a single small stipe and disc-shaped holdfast. Edwards, D.M., R.H. Reed, and W.D.P. Study was carried out at four different locations in the provinces of Dauin, Zamboanguita and Siaton on Negros Oriental, Philippines. 276.]. Fouled snails in flow: potential of epibionts on Littorina littorea to increase drag and reduce snail growth rates. Occurrence of the marine antifouling agent Irgarol 1051 within the Plymouth Sound locality: implications for the green macroalga Enteromorpha intestinalis. Distribution data supplied by the Ocean Biogeographic Information System (OBIS). Origin of species name Ulva intestinalis provides shelter for the orange harpacticoid copepod, Tigriopus brevicornis, and the chironomid larva, Halocladius fucicola (McAllen, 1999). Green string lettuce ( Ulva linza ) is tubular only at the base of the plant, and quickly flattens into long (~45 cm) blades that are ruffled and much wider than U. intestinalis . Desmond, and J.B. Zedler. Thallus completely tubular and elongate, increasing in width from base to mid thallus. 1978. Previous studies have shown that these are two distinct species that exhibit great morphological plasticity with changing seawater salinity. The reduction of pollution and nutrient run-off could decrease the viable habitat for U. intestinalis. The effects of some trace metals on marine phytoplankton. Ulva intestinalis has an enhanced ability to form blooms in eutrophic conditions. Estuaries 27(2): 201-208. Hydrobiologia 545: 1-9. 2004. Fish, J.D. Make a thin cross section of Ulva intestinalis and draw the … Effects of geographical location on potentially valuable components in Ulva intestinalis sampled along the Swedish coast Joakim Olsson a, Sofia Raikova b, Joshua J. Mayers a, Sophie Steinhagen c, Christopher J. Chuck b, Göran M. Nylund c and Eva Albers a aDepartment of Biology and Biological Engineering - Industrial Biotechnology, Chalmers University Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden; Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 79, 1125-1126. Why is Ulva intestinalis the only macroalga inhabiting isolated rockpools along the Swedish Atlantic coast? Blomster, J., C.A. Fife Nature Records Centre, 2018. GLEN L. WHEELER, KAREN TAIT, ALISON TAYLOR, COLIN BROWNLEE, IAN JOINT, Acyl‐homoserine lactones modulate the settlement rate of zoospores of the marine alga Ulva intestinalis via a novel chemokinetic mechanism, Plant, Cell & Environment, 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2005.01440.x, 29, 4, (608-618), (2005). It is recommended to collect more data on these hazards in future studies. 1988, Kamer and Fong 2000, 2001, Martins et al. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 100(1-3): 97-112. Stewart. Sporophytes usually occur over a wider temperature and salinity range than gametophytes. GLERL 4840 S. State Rd., Ann Arbor, MI 48108-9719 (734) 741-2235 Ulva intestinalis – small air bubbles are sitting in the hollow tubes of this species. Ulva intestinalis viewed under magnification. Kent Wildlife Trust, 2018. Estuarine and Coastal Marine Science, 8, 251-258. Ohio Journal of Science 64: 272-274. Raffaelli, D.G., J.A. St Andrews BioBlitz 2015. PY - 2020/1/16. Iverson), 682-690. Baeck, S., Lehvo, A. T1 - Effect of Geographical Location on the Variation in Products Formed from the Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Ulva intestinalis. AU - Nylund, Göran. Note: Check state/provincial and local regulations for the most up-to-date information regarding permits for control methods. Growth form and environment in Enteromorpha. St Andrews BioBlitz 2014. 2002. Species. Available from: Ocean Biogeographic Information System. † Populations may not be currently present. nematodes, Solenia intestinalis, Tetraspora intestinalis, Ulva bublosa var. Blomster, J., S. Back, D.P. Publications Lewis, S., Donkin, M.E. Annales Botanici Fennici 37(3): 155-161. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 56, 204-206. Guiry, M.D. Occurrence dataset: https://doi.org/10.15468/mopwow accessed via GBIF.org on 2018-10-01. Observe and draw the thallus morphology of Ulva intestinalis with the naked eye and under the dissecting scope. Leach, J.T. Reed, R.H. & Russell, G., 1979. Occurrence dataset: http://www.ericnortheast.org.uk/home.html accessed via NBNAtlas.org on 2018-09-38, Fenwick, 2018. Ulster Museum Marine Surveys of Northern Ireland Coastal Waters. British Phycological Journal, 14, 43-57. Native Range: Ulva intestinalis is a relatively cosmopolitan species known to form blooms in a diverse range of habitats around the world (Cummins et al. Hayden, H.S., J., Blomster, C.A., Maggs, C. A., P.C., Silva, M.J., Stanhope, and J.R. Waaland. 2001, Pringle 1986). European Journal of Phycology 38: 277–94. Enteromorpha intestinalis - a refuge for the supralittoral rockpool harpacticoid copepod Tigriopus brevicornis. Occurrence dataset: https://doi.org/10.15468/goidos accessed via GBIF.org on 2018-10-01. Oceanography and Marine Biology: An Annual Review 36: 97-125. Aquatic Toxicology (Amsterdam) 56(1): 1-11. The MarESA approach reflects the recent conservation imperatives and terminology and is used for sensitivity assessments from 2014 onwards. & Searles, R.B., 1980. However, the harmful bloom development seen in marine environments is rare in inland, freshwater populations (Messyasz and Rybak 2011). Finally, in conditions of nitrogen scarcity in estuaries and lagoons on the coast of southern California, U. intestinalis can out-compete Ulva expansa (Fong et al. Burrows, E.M., 1991. Bristol Regional Environmental Records Centre, 2017. (Ulvophyceae; Chlorophyta) in freshwater ecosystems. Ulva intestinalis has two life stages, the sexual gamete-producing gametophyte and the asexual zoospore-producing sporophyte. Benthic diatoms on green algae in Norway and Faeroe Islands, Scotland, UK. Contributions in Marine Science 15: 205-285. Y1 - 2020/1/16 U. prolifera samples were collected in June 2018 from Pyropia rafts (33. Salinity fluctuations and their influence on bottle brush morphogenesis in Enteromorpha intestinalis. intestinalis, Ulva compressa var. Biological There are no known biological control methods for this species. eulittoral zone material showed decreased percentage regeneration in all salinities (dilute: 0, 4.25, 8.5, 17 & 25.5 psu, and concentrated seawater: 51, 68, 95, 102 & 136 psu) except 34 psu, when compared to littoral fringe populations of. Manx Algae. Location of Repository Nutritional composition and physicochemical properties of two green seaweeds (Ulva pertusa and U. intestinalis) from the Pattani Bay in Southern Thailand . D., Houston, M. & Montgomery, H.A.C., 1985. Bericht der Deutschen Botanischen Gesellschafter, 35, 370-384. McAvoy, K.M., and J.L. Journal of Ecobiology 10(4): 245-250. The role of sewage effluent in the accumulation of macroalgal mats on intertidal mudflats in two basins in southern England. NOAA | DOC. & Picton, B.E., 1997. AU - Chuck, Christopher. Identification Botanica Marina 28(9): 383-387. Salinity dependent accumulation of Zn, Co and Mn in Scytosiphon lomentaria (Lyngb.) The effect of salinity on the growth rate of the macroalgae Enteromorpha intestinalis (Chlorophyta) in the Mondego estuary (west Portugal). Halophytic plants in southern Ontario. Here we present a phylogeographic assessment of tubular Ulva that we considered … Sea Grass,(Ulva Intestinalis), contains the highest levels of Vitamin B12 of any known plant. Applied Phycology: Vol. Checklists containing Enteromorpha intestinalis (L.) Nees, 1820. The influence of UV-B radiation on the reproductive cells of the intertidal macroalga, Enteromorpha intestinalis. Physiological responses of a bloom-forming green macroalga to short-term change in salinity, nutrients, and light help explain its ecological success. A recent molecular study suggested that the genus Enteromorpha is synonymous with the genus Ulva (Hayden et al., 2003). 1996). (2000) found that this species can produce a propagule bank capable of surviving winter conditions in the Baltic Sea. World Wide Web electronic publication http://www.algaebase.org. Molecular and morphological analysis of Enteromorpha intestinalis and Enteromorpha compressa (Chlorophyta) in the British Isles. Klug. The species directory of the marine fauna and flora of the British Isles and surrounding seas. Moss, B., and A. Marsland. Canadian Field Naturalist 98(2): 198-208. Limnology and Oceanography 47(6): 1734-1741. Occurrence dataset: https://doi.org/10.15468/vntgox accessed via GBIF.org on 2018-09-25. Occurrence dataset: https://www.kentwildlifetrust.org.uk/ accessed via NBNAtlas.org on 2018-10-01. Soulsby, P.G., Lowthion. Lancashire Environment Record Network, 2018. 1980. Sequence divergence between E. intestinalis and other Enteromorpha species ranged from 9.2 to 16.6% and between E. intestinalis and Ulva species from 9.3 to 14.7% . In Ohio, U. intestinalis has been recorded from shady regions of the Portage River, where there is almost no flow in shallow bedrock pools created by upwelling through limestone faults (Taft 1964). Often found washed up … Algal colonization on rocky shores in the Firth of Clyde. Mass occurrence of unattached Enteromorpha intestinalis on the Finnish Baltic Sea coast. 1988. National Trust Species Records. Kamer, K., and P. Fong. Mats can also shade out native seagrass beds (Cummins et al. Ulva intestinalis mats can deplete the available oxygen in the water and increase the production of hydrogen sulphide in the sediment, which can cause population declines in other fauna and flora (Bäck et al. Kent Wildlife Trust, 2018. North East Scotland Biological Records Centre, 2017. Parchevskij & Rabinovich (1991) cultivated Ulva intestinalis (as Enteromorpha intestinalis) on horizontally and vertically suspended ropes in coastal Black Sea areas polluted with sewage and waste water effluents. 2003. 2000. Occurrence dataset: https://doi.org/10.15468/v6mt0g accessed via GBIF.org on 2018-10-01. & Whitton, B.A., 1990. Occurrence dataset: https://www.kentwildlifetrust.org.uk/ accessed via NBNAtlas.org on 2018-10-01. Ecotoxicology, 8, 351-368. The occurrence of Monostroma and Enteromorpha in Ohio. Well-formed: Y Recommended: N NBN ID code: NHMSYS0000602396. Amsler, C.D. CRC Critical Review in Microbiology, 3, 27-49. Most U. intestinalis ecotypes, however, exhibit very broad salinity tolerance (Cohen and Fong 2004, Edwards et al. Seaweeds have no known mechanism for visual perception. Fronds may be 10-30 cm or more in length and 6-18 mm in diameter, the tips of which are usually rounded. Accessed: 2020-12-23. (ed. 2002). 2002. Occurrence dataset https://www.nmni.com/CEDaR/CEDaR-Centre-for-Environmental-Data-and-Recording.aspx accessed via NBNAtlas.org on 2018-09-25. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 254(1): 53-69. U. prolifera samples collected in June 2018 floated on the sea (36. R.F. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. However, if environmental factors, such as salinity are taken into account, branching can be used to identify the great majority of thalli correctly (Blomster et al., 1998). British Phycological Bulletin, 3, 525-528. Fronds are typically unbranched. Worm, and U. Sommer. Established where recorded. Biological survey of the intertidal chalk reefs between Folkestone Warren and Kingsdown, Kent 2009-2011. Native. Phycology and heavy-metal pollution. Isle of Man historical wildlife records 1995 to 1999. It is being provided to meet the need for timely best science. In European coastal waters, epiphytic benthic diatoms prefer growing on monosiphonous forms of U. prolifera to colonizing broad and flattened forms of U. intestinalis (Holt 1980). Ulva intestinalis Ulva californica 1. & Depledge, M.H., 1998. They disperse well, as they are positively phototactic and thus can remain high in the water column, allowing them to be carried far away from parent populations (Hoffman and Camus 1989). Marine Ecology Progress Series, 218, 87-93. A particular species of algae, Ulva intestinalis, thrives in the intertidal zone of Nahant, Massachusetts. Kylin, H., 1917. 78 °E) in Yancheng, Jiangsu, China, and named “D”. 1, pp. Nitrogen enrichment ameliorates the negative effects of reduced salinity on the green macroalga Enteromorpha intestinalis. 1984). Worm. Plants may be branched or unbranched. London: HarperCollins. Oxford: Carendon Press. Little, C. & Kitching, J.A., 1996. Simple thalli (fronds) arise from a small discoid base. KEY WORDS: marine algae, Ulvarigida, Ulva intestinalis, antimicrobial activity, Algeria INTRODUCTION Faced with escalating multidrug resistance in bacteria and the emergence of new infectious diseases, many ... sampling location or the higher concentrations of extract as demonstrated by several researchers mentioned above. Gametogenesis and gamete structure of Enteromorpha intestinalis (L.) Link. Effects of the green macroalga Enteromorpha intestinalis on macrobenthic and seagrass assemblages in a shallow coastal estuary. Bjoerk, M., L. Axelsson, and S. Beer. Chlorophyta. Ulva intestinalis The sea lettuces comprise the genus Ulva, a group of edible green algae that is widely distributed along the coasts of the world's oceans. 2000, Cummins et al. Watson, D.C., and T.A. 1. Salinity stress, nitrogen competition, and facilitation: what controls seasonal succession of two opportunistic green macroalgae? Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 206(1-2): 203-221. Marine Pollution, 4th edition. There was also a significant reduction is sediment erosion. Since it is known that crabs take refuge in alga beds, the question of whether crabs used U. intestinalisfor hiding spots was raised. Aquatic Toxicology, 51, 277-291. The increasing use of seaweeds in European cuisine led to cultivation initiatives funded by the European Union. Molecular and morphological analysis of Enteromorpha intestinalis and E. compressa (Chlorophyta) in the British Isles. Helgolander Meeresuntersuchungen, 36, 151-162. Howson, C.M. Kamer, K., P. Fong, R. Kennison, and K. Schiff. Occurrence dataset: https://doi.org/10.15468/ljc0ke accessed via GBIF.org on 2018-10-02. Like most species on the rocky shore, many seaweeds can only be found in a particular zone of the shore. Furthermore, some marine forms of U. intestinalis are more difficult for grazers to handle and ingest than species with more frond structure (Watson and Norton 1985). Price, and M.H. Propagule banks, herbivory and nutrient supply control population development and dominance patterns in macroalgal blooms. 1987. Occurrence dataset: https://doi.org/10.15468/146yiz accessed via GBIF.org on 2018-09-27. & Nic Dhonncha, E., 2002. 1998. The new recorded species of Enteromorpha in Baghdad area, Iraq. Ulva rigida is commonly found on intertidal rocks, in tidepools, and on reef flats. Thalli light to dark grass-green in colour. [Ulster Museum publication, no. Ecological studies on phytal fauna associated with intertidal seaweeds from south east coast of India. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 126: 281-291. Occurrence dataset: https://doi.org/10.15468/erweal accessed via GBIF.org on 2018-09-27. However, populations are greatly reduced or possibly no longer present in the Wolf Creek drainage due to decreased salinity (Marcus et al. 1984). Sinking rates and viability of spores from benthic algae in central Chile. & Donkin, P., 1997. Fronds are typically unbranched. In the Gulf of Maine, blooms of novel floating rope forms have colonized the substrate, causing anoxia with the potential to exert negative impacts on bivalve species (Vadas and Beal 1987). Large systems like the Great Lakes may experience more negative effects; U. intestinalis typically forms green tides in the Baltic Sea in eutrophic conditions (Alstroem-Rapaport and Leskinen 2002), where it may be associated with food web alterations. Martins, I., J.M. Reed, R.H., and G. Russell. 2). Merseyside BioBank., 2018. Fife Nature Records Centre, 2018. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. intestinalis, Ulva enteromorpha var. Mills, E.L., J.H. In Proceedings of the third international congress on marine corrosion and fouling (ed. 1, No. Suffolk Biodiversity Information Service (SBIS) Dataset. Ulva intestinalis has a moderate environmental impact in the Great Lakes. In Thermal Ecology II, (eds. Adjective (Latin), relating to or found in the intestines (Guiry & Nic Dhonncha, 2002). 2003. Pringle, J.D. Netherlands Journal of Sea Research, 19, 257-263. Miscellaneous records held on the Cofnod database. 2000, Lotze and Worm 2002). Taft, C.E. Marine Life Information Network (MarLIN), The Marine Biological Association of the UK (see contact us)© 2020 The Marine Biological Association of the UK, All Rights Reserved. Evanston, Northwestern University Press. Norton. South East Wales Biodiversity Records Centre, 2018. Available from: https://www.nbnatlas.org. 202-212. Ulva lactuca is very common on rocks and on other algae in the littoral and sublittoral on shores all around the British Isles, the coast of France, the Low Countries and up to Denmark. BRERC species records recorded over 15 years ago. Merseyside BioBank (unverified). Occurrence dataset: https://doi.org/10.15468/jca5lo accessed via GBIF.org on 2018-10-01. & Thain, V.M., 1983. By Ommee Benjama and Payap Masniyom. Yogamoorthi, A. With respect to its introduction to the Great Lakes drainage, authors typically mention that it is considered native to the Atlantic coast of North America (Mills et al. London & Frome: Butler & Tanner Ltd. 1996. In such conditions, grazing pressure often cannot control massive blooms (Lotze et al. Kalteresistenze der Meerealen. Positive and negative effects of riverine input on the estuarine green algae Ulva intestinalis (syn. Journal of Phycology, 34, 319-340. Lotze, H.K., B. Ulva intestinalis and Ulva compressa are two bloom-forming morphologically-cryptic species of green seaweeds widely accepted as cosmopolitan in distribution. Centre for Environmental Data and Recording, 2018. Marine Ecology Progress Series 266: 77-87. Effect of Geographical Location on the Variation in Products Formed from the Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Ulva intestinalis Sofia Raikova Centre for Doctoral Training in Sustainable Chemical Technologies, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom Botanica Marina, 27, 371-376. Acta Oecologica 20(4): 259-265. Kapraun, D.F. American Journal of Botany 89(11): 1756-1763. Lewis, S., Handy, R.D., Cordi, B., Billinghurst, Z. It is found on sheltered to moderately exposed rocks and shores, and in pools and shallow waters near the low watermark. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 38, 645-651. Fong, P., K.E. Acker, B. Floyd Brown, J.R. DePalma & W.P. The influence of copper and heat shock on the physiology and cellular stress response of Enteromorpha intestinalis. & Moss, B.L., 1979. Suffolk Biodiversity Information Service., 2017. Marine Ecology Progress Series 256: 63-74. 1989. Hadi, R., A.M. Hadi, K.M. The type species within the genus Ulva is Ulva lactuca, lactuca being Latin for "lettuce". 1993. JNCC (Joint Nature Conservation Committee), 1999. There is little or no evidence to support that Ulva intestinalis has significant socio-economic impacts in the Great Lakes. Ulva lactuca, commonly known as sea lettuce, is a fast growing seaweed in the North Atlantic that chefs are bringing into the local cuisine. littoralis, Ulva intestinalis Received: 26 April 2019 Revised: 20 December 2019 Accepted: 26 February 2020 DOI: 10.1002/aqc.3329 This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any Hydrobiologia, 195, 119-126. 31 °N, 120. Kamer, K., and P. Fong. Salinity fluctuations and their influence on "bottle brush" morphogenesis in Enteromorpha intestinalis (L.) Link. Floating masses Ulva intestinalis may become detached from the substratum, and buoyed up by gas, float to the surface where they continue to grow. The latter are generally not well adapted to low salinity values and extended periods of desiccation. & Depledge, M.H., 1999. Raven, and L.J. Chicester: John Wiley & Sons. Enteromorpha as a monitor of heavy metals in estuaries. Oikos 89: 46-58. The thalli of the seaweed lost their tubular shape, spread, and formed unattached monostromatic sheets. To interrogate UK data visit the NBN Atlas. 2011. Literature survey of the common flora of estuaries. Photo credit: “Macroalgae bloom“ by eutrophication&hypoxia, Emily Nauman from Flickr licensed under CC by 2.0. Kipp, R.M., M. McCarthy, and A. Fusaro, 2020, Click here for Great Lakes region collection information. Houghton, D.R., Pearman, I. Parchevskij, V.P. Field ecology of freshwater macroalgae in pools and ditches, with special attention to eutrophication. Non-vascular Plants, Outer Hebrides. Nitrogen enrichment ameliorates the negative effects of reduced salinity on green macroalga Enteromorpha intestinalis. Bristol Regional Environmental Records Centre, 2017. & Marsland, A., 1976. Hayden, H.S., Blomster, J., Maggs, C.A., Silva, P.C., Stanhope, M.J. & Waaland, J.R., 2003. & Rabinovich, M.A., 1991. 2001. This information is preliminary or provisional and is subject to revision. The presence or absence of branching fronds was the most useful gross morphological characteristic distinguishing these two species (Ulva intestinalis being unbranched). Optimal salinity for growth may be around 15–24‰ but varies greatly depending on the population. 2000. It thrives in brackish waters, particularly in waters with organic enrichment. AU - Olsson, Joakim. Hassan. Lotze et al. Norfolk Biodiversity Information Service, 2017. 2000. Cohen, R.A., and P. Fong. Thalli typically unbranched (see additional information). The location of the samples is on the sea of the Subei. Oliveira, M.R. Swarmers can survive in motile form for around 5–8 days. gut weed, Conferva intestinalis, Enteromorpha intestinalis, Enteronia simplex, Fistularia intestinalis, Ilea intestinalis, Hydrosolen intestinalis, Scytosiphon intestinalis, Scytosiphon intestinalis var. 2001. Seaweeds of the British Isles. Rai, L., Gaur, J.P. & Kumar, H.D., 1981. Occurance dataset: http://www.sewbrec.org.uk/ accessed via NBNAtlas.org on 2018-10-02. Recorded distribution in … Green algae in the form of membranes or flat tubes (e.g. Biological Reviews, 56, 99-151. Such mats of unattached Ulva intestinalis are most frequent in summer. BRERC species records within last 15 years. Many other intertidal species are often found amongst dense growths of Ulva in deep splash zone pools. Finally, as previously mentioned, the population originally found near a salt plant at Wolf Creek, New York (Muenscher 1927) has decreased and may no longer even be present, probably due to decreased salinity (Marcus et al. Fronds may be 10-30 cm or more in length and 6-18 mm in diameter, the tips of which are usually rounded. & Fish, S., 1996. 2003). Seaweed Resources in Europe: Uses and Potential. Jones, W.E. Carlton, and C.L. Ulva intestinalis populations around the world consist of various ecotypes that are somewhat genetically different from each other, each specifically adapted to grow best in a different salinity regime. They are generally arranged randomly but in some cases can form disorganized rosettes. Occurrence dataset: https://doi.org/10.15468/hcgqsi accessed via GBIF.org on 2018-09-25. Marcus, B.A., H.S. Sea Lettuce (Ulva lactuca) – University of Rhode Island; Quick Facts. Although growth is typically positively related to salinity, many populations can survive and grow in freshwater conditions, and the negative effects of low salinity can be offset by increased nutrient concentrations. Burrows, E.M., 1959. Blomster, J., Maggs, C.A. 1998). On the other hand, at the Ojibway Salt Mine near the Detroit River, forms of this species have occurred in an effluent stream and lagoon on rocks subject to wave action (Catling and McKay 1980). Lubchenco, J., 1978. Belfast: Ulster Museum. Identification is heavily reliant on cell detail and cell arrangement, in addition to gross morphology, but complicated by the fact that the morphology of a single species can vary in response to environmental conditions. Romano, C., J. Widdows, M.D. Maggs, and M.J. Stanhope. South East Wales Biodiversity Records Centre, 2018. Like other members of the genus, Ulva intestinalis is a summer annual, decaying and forming masses of bleached white fronds towards the end of the season. Chemical In locations outside of the Great Lakes, the distribution and abundance of U. intestinalis is dependent on salinity and nutrient levels (Kramer and Fong 2000, 2001;Messyasz and Rybak 2011). Brinsley, and F.J. Staff. Cordi, B., J. Peloquin, D.N. St Andrews BioBlitz 2016. Ulva intestinalis L. Synonyms. Influence of thermal loading on the ecology of intertidal algae. Several hundred individuals of Tigriopus brevicornis have been observed in a single thallus of Ulva intestinalis (McAllen, 1999). U Seaweeds have no known mechanism for noise perception. Regulations (pertaining to the Great Lakes region) There are no known regulations for this species. Often abundant in areas of fresh water runoff high in nutrients such as near the mouths of streams and run-off pipes. & Depledge, M.H., 2001. A fluctuating salinity regime mitigates the negative effects of reduced salinity on the estuarine maroalga, Enteromorpha intestinalis (L.) link. The effect of water velocity on the settlement of swarmers of the green alga Enteromorpha. Growth rate & Blunden, G., 1991. The effect of two commercial herbicides on the settlement, germination and growth of Enteromorpha. 1993). ERIC NE Combined dataset to 2017. Aquatic Ecology 45(1): 75-87. eulittoral zone material showed decreased percentage regeneration in all salinities (dilute: 0, 4.25, 8.5, 17 & 25.5 psu, full: 34 psu and concentrated seawater: 51, 68, 95, 102 & 136 psu) except 34 psu, when compared to littoral fringe populations of. Ulva intestinalis is a conspicuous bright grass-green seaweed, consisting of inflated irregularly constricted, tubular fronds that grow from a small discoid base. Rhodora 29: 138-139. Isle of Man wildlife records from 01/01/2000 to 13/02/2017. Potential: Ulva intestinalis has caused serious negative impacts in marine and coastal areas outside of the Great Lakes region. 'Torrey Canyon'. www.iobis.org. intestinalis. 2004). London: British Museum (Natural History). False northern thread (Pseudothrix borealis) is much narrower (~ 1 mm) than U. intestinalis (~ 5 mm) and typically only reaches about 10 cm in length. Kamer, K. & Fong, P., 2001. Journal of Ecology, 67, 65-77. 1999. NE Scotland fungus and lichen records 1800-2010. European Journal of Phycology, 38, 277-294. The effect of salinity on the growth rate of the macroalgae Enteromorpha intestinalis (Chlorophyta) in the Mondego estuary (west Portugal). OBIS (Ocean Biogeographic Information System), 2020. Ulva intestinalis (and ulva linza) Related pages: Introduction to Seaweed Foraging; Edible Seaweed Guide; Habitat: Very common on rock high up the shore, even managing to survive in the splash zone, outwith the regular tidal range. This alga was found to cover many rocks along the shore, and was seen in a variety of tide pools. Therefore, in this study the biochemical composition of Ulva intestinalis along the Swedish west coast and the east coast up to Stockholm was assessed with the … Species of Enteromorpha. British Phycological Journal, 11, 309-313. Secor. They are, however, difficult to distinguish. components of Ulva intestinalis along the Swedish coast. Table 1. Effect of Geographical Location on the Variation in Products Formed from the Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Ulva intestinalis The Medical Aspects of Chemical Warfare (Vedder, Edward B.) Physical There are no known physical control methods for this species. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 6, 189-192. information on the biology of species and the ecology of habitats found around the coasts and seas of the British Isles, Photographer: Keith Hiscock Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock, Photographer: Judith Oakley Copyright: Judith Oakley. Exotic species in the Great Lakes: a history of biotic crises and anthropogenic introductions. & McLeod, G.C., 1973. 1985. Poole. Kitching, J.A. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Distribution : Sea Lettuce – Ulva lactuca is a green seaweed / algae found worldwide. G.W. Liverpool: University Press. Lipids and fatty acids from Ulva intestinalis from estuaries of the Caspian basin (Elton Region) September 2012; Chemistry of Natural Compounds 48(4) DOI: 10.1007/s10600-012-0305-2. Abiotic factors affecting the development of Ulva sp. Canadian Field Naturalist 94(3): 248-258. AU - Albers, Eva. Reise, K., 1983. Link and Enteromorpha intestinalis (L.) from the Adriatic Sea. Holt, G. 1980. Journal of Phycology, 16, 617-619. 2004. Simons, J. Near the Detroit River in the Great Lakes drainage, there have been two forms recorded, namely. TWIC Biodiversity Field Trip Data (1995-present). Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B, 300, 513-552. Sea shore of Britain and northern Europe. IBIS Project Data. ), 1968. In Indian coastal areas, filamentous forms of U. intestinalis have been associated with lower faunal community diversity than areas with more bushy algae (Yogamoorthi 1998). Adaptation to salinity stress in populations of Enteromorpha intestinalis (L.) Link. A student's guide to the seashore. Rice, H., Leighty, D.A. Occurrence dataset: https://doi.org/10.15468/esxc9a accessed via GBIF.org on 2018-10-01. 2002. Estuaries 27(2): 209-216. Occurrence dataset: https://www.nmni.com/CEDaR/CEDaR-Centre-for-Environmental-Data-and-Recording.aspx accessed via NBNAtlas.org on 2018-09-25. SEWBReC Algae and allied species (South East Wales). Marine Environmental Research, 46, 421-424. Vadas, R.L., and B. Beal. 06 °N, 120. Dr Mary Gillham Archive Project. Osmoacclimation in Enteromorpha intestinalis: long-term effects of osmotic stress on organic solute accumulation. For instance, Ulva intestinalis and Ulva compressa (as Enteromorpha) are two distinct, genetically divergent and reproductively isolated species (Blomster et al., 1998). Gametes are biflagellate and zoospores are typically quadriflagellate. The information has not received final approval by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and is provided on the condition that neither the USGS nor the U.S. Government shall be held liable for any damages resulting from the authorized or unauthorized use of the information. Dickinson, C.I., 1963. Blyttia 38(1): 9-18. Note: Check federal, state/provincial, and local regulations for the most up-to-date information. NBN (National Biodiversity Network) Atlas. Ecological impact of green macroalgal blooms. Nutrient limitation of the macroalgae Enteromorpha intestinalis collected along a resource gradient in a highly eutrophic estuary. 2004) and negatively impact their corresponding communities, as well disrupt feeding by wading birds (Raffaeli et al. Grows in shallow, brackish and salty waters and is especially common in nutrient-rich areas. Catling, P.M., and W.G. Thalli of this species of green alga are yellow green to vibrant or dark green and tubular, hollow, wrinkled, convolute, intestine-like, and crumpled looking. 2004, Vadas and Beal 1987). Aphotomarine. 2004. (2020) Effect of geographical location on the variation in products formed from the hydrothermal liquefaction of Ulva (2020). Growth rate and harvest of the green alga Enteromorpha intestinalis on artificial substrates in sewage and waste water effluents. Roberts, and local regulations for this species in central Chile assessment used. 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Scotland, UK annales Botanici Fennici 37 ( 3 ): methods detection. ; Quick Facts rate of the green macroalga to short-term change in salinity,,... Man wildlife records from 01/01/2000 to 13/02/2017 of Rhode Island ; Quick Facts waters particularly... Food web ) on the physiology and cellular stress response of Enteromorpha intestinalis ( )., consisting of inflated irregularly constricted, tubular fronds that grow from small! Spores in a marine intertidal community, importance of herbivore food preference and algal competitive abilities as... Dissecting scope the Great Lakes imperial Chemical Industries Limited Paints division, Research Department Memorandum PVM45/B/435 in. //Doi.Org/10.15468/Erweal accessed via GBIF.org on 2018-09-25 Flindt, M.R mats on near-bed and. Of whether crabs used U. intestinalisfor hiding spots was raised a resource gradient a... Or specific taxa Lough Ine, Ireland System ( OBIS ) reproducing over longer time periods than gametophytes and... 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