( Log Out / The Philippine islands first came to the attention of Europeans with the Spanish expedition around the world led by Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan in 1521. Instead of anitos, they now have saints. Also located within the walls of Intramuros, San Agustin Church is the oldest-standing church in the Philippines, having been completed in 1607. Stay tuned for part 2 as that will discuss events from the Dagohoy revolt to the events around the 1870's. Their only way of acquiring materials and properties was only through barter. But Spain’s biggest legacy to the Philippines is Roman Catholism, which the people embraced readily from the beginning. ( Log Out / The Spanish colonization of the Philippines from 1565 to 1898 brought about profound changes in the life and art of the Filipinos. This is now what we call The Philippines. But it also contributes us a lot of good things. ( Log Out / Filipinos were first given formal education under the Spanish rule. The Siesta is another Filipino practice we inherited from the Spaniards. This festival is held during he month of May in honor of Reyna Elena and Constantine. Blog. Ensaymada is a sweet, soft bread usually topped with butter and cheese. Spanish colonialism began with the arrival of Miguel López de Legazpi 's expedition on February 13, 1565, from Mexico. Perhaps the most notable influence of the Spaniards to the Filipino culture is Christianity. TIMELINE: SPANISH COLONIZATION OF THE PHILIPPINES 1521, Mar 16. The people practiced monogamy in general. The Spanish colonization of the Philippines brought about numerous influences because the Spaniards had the luxury of time in penetrating the Filipino culture. No matter how good or bad each one may be, it is still proof that the Spaniards have left a legacy and that these influences play a big part of what the Philippine culture is now. The term Filipino Time is linked to Filipinos always being late. The Colegio de San Juan de Letran was established in 1620 by Dominican priests. Magellan landed on the island of Cebu, claiming the lands for Spain and naming them Islas de San Lazaro.He set up friendly relations with some of the local chieftains and converted some of them to Roman Catholicism. During the Spanish era, the Philippines (governed by the Spanish) had a government hierarchy primarily composed of the nacional, the alcaldia or encomienda, the pueblo, and the barrio. The natives dwelt on houses made of bamboo and palm leaves, and were properly attired at all times. However, Luna was not awarded the gold medal because he was a Filipino. The religious orders established schools and colleges, founded libraries and museums, and set up printing presses. Even after the encomienda system was abolished, corrupt Spanish officials continued to exploit the people, who still had to render forced labor and pay heavy tribute. There was no legislative branch on that time since the laws of the islands were coming from Spain . The Spanish colonial rule and Catholicism might have created cultural values and norms that created a society more predisposed toward corruption. For this purpose thousands of Catholic missionaries belonging to various orders came to the Philippines. THE SPANISH COLONIZATION IN THE PHILIPPINES The Philippines was very lucky because our country was rich in natural resources. Several languages were spoken, then, as now, although there was one common alphabet called babaying, which resembled the ancient alphabet of India. The Spaniards colonized the Philippines for more than three centuries, the longest period that the Philippines experienced foreign rule. Each camp accused the other of oppressing the people. Spanish influence in the Philippines region can be traced back⦠It is dedicated to Sr. Sto. The fiesta, or religious festival, for example, quickly became the chief occasion for the folk to gather and perform songs and dances. Spain had control of the Philippines for more than 300 years, so itâs no surprise that there are many Filipino customs, traditions, and cultural norms that can be traced back to the Spanish. FRANCIS C. MACANSANTOS PRISCILLA S. MACANSANTOS The existing literature of the Philippine ethnic groups at the time of conquest and conversion into Christianity was mainly oral, consisting of epics, legends, songs, riddles, and proverbs. Change ), You are commenting using your Facebook account. Longganisa is a term for the Filipino sausage similar to the Spanish chorizo. Niño. The natives dwelt on houses made of bamboo and palm leaves, and were properly attired at all times. By this system, pieces of territory, with their inhabitants and resources, were granted by the Spanish king to the colonizers as a reward for services to the Crown. Numerous paintings and sculptures were made during the Spanish era. Before the discovery of the Philippines, Filipinos were Pagans – their gods and goddesses were embedded in nature. Advantages Of Spanish Colonization 2000 Words | 8 Pages. What is visual communication and why it matters; Nov. 20, 2020 The contribution of this mission work toward the advancement of education, culture, and architecture in general was enormous, although in later years the friars came to be considered as the opponents of the enlightenment of the people. Paella is a rice dish from Valencia, Spain, various types of which have different ingredients such as seafood, meat, and herbs and spices. Following several more Spanish expeditions, the first permanent settlement was established in Cebu in 1565. The archipelago was first discovered in 1521 by the Portuguese Ferdinand de Magellan. During the Spanish colonization in the Philippines , the government was composed of two branches, the executive and the judicial. Socioeconomic Imposition of tribute, bandala, and cedula personal Requirements of polo y servicio Establishment of government monopolies Limited agricultural and commercial development. Also, about 40 percent of informal Filipino conversation consists of Spanish loan words. It was the Spanish monarchy. During the pre-colonial period, Filipinos did not have currencies. They also built hospitals, asylums, and orphanages to take care of the sick and needy (including the unwanted babies sired by friars). Everything started when Ferdinand Magellan discovered this place, and was dazzled by the diverse and bountiful natural resources that one tropical destination in the east possessed. Starting on a clean slate, it can be said that the missionaries encouraged the growth of literature, art, science, and industry. United Statesâ Rule of the Philippines (1898-1946). The Barasoain Church, named the Cradle of Democracy in the East, is among the most important churches in the history of the Philippines. However, food historians claim that about 80% of Filipino food were derived from Spanish influence. After aiding Filipino revolutionaries to kick out ⦠Magellan made a blood compact with the local chieftain of Cebu, Rajah Humabon as a sign of friendship. Niño de Cebu, a statue of whom was given by Ferdinand Magellan to the wife of Rajah Humabon upon her baptism. Each town was assigned a patron saint on whose birthday the festival was held. These sections of the government may be linked to what we now know as the national government, the provincial government, the city government, and the barangays. Through this, Filipinos learned to work for money and use it to pay for their needs and, at the same time, there was also a standard amount of money to be paid by Filipinos to the government and to the church. The Spanish colonization of the Philippines brought about numerous influences because the Spaniards had the luxury of time in penetrating the Filipino culture. Not only were women considered to be as powerful as men during that time, but, in fact, there were times when women were given more authority than men. With the growth of the country’s population, poverty was widespread among the masses; mendicancy, unknown before the coming of the Spaniards was common. One chief source of abuse, the encomienda system, was not abolished until the end of the 18th century. Ateneo de Manila University, originally called Escuala Pia during its establishment, was built in 1859 by the Jesuits. The Spanish start and end their day late, and the Filipinos must have acquired this attitude from them. It's the third largest nation that speaks English in the world. Spanish Colonization of the Philippines The Philippines is an archipelago of more than 7,000 islands in Southeast Asia. Filipino food that were adapted from Spain include: The typical Filipino breakfast always includes pan de sal (Spanish for salt bread), a soft bread usually eaten with coffee as a drink. The sarswela, originally called zarzuela in Spanish, is a realistic musical drama usually depicting stories of love. Nov. 21, 2020. Probably one of the most widely-used images to depict the Spanish excesses in the Philippines is that of the lecherous,⦠Change ), You are commenting using your Twitter account. Roads and bridges were also more developed since they were constructed with bricks and stones. The missionary zeal to make the country an outpost of the Catholicism in spite of the fact that (even with unsparing exploitation), the Philippines was a financial liability as a colony. usually served with rice. Athena Goodlight: https://history.knoji.com/the-spanish-era-in-the-philippines/. Due to their power (the Spaniards), they became abusive to the Indios which they discriminated in their own land. Magellan never completed the journey himself; he was killed in an encounter with natives after having claimed the Philippines for Spain. It served as the venue for three historic events in the Philippine history: the convention of First Philippine Congress, the drafting of the Malolos Constitution, and the inauguration of the First Philippine Republic. Summary of Spanish Colonization in the Philippines. The gravity of the change of culture and tradition that the Filipinos went through over the Spanish colonization period shows how influential they were to us. They abused, overtaxed, cheated, and practically enslaved the Filipinos. Ferdinand Magellan was the first European recorded to have landed in the Philippines. Advantages Of Spanish Colonization In The Philippines 965 Words | 4 Pages. They started to believe in Christ and the concept of salvation and afterlife. Leche flan, meaning “milk flan” in Spanish, is a Filipino version of Spanish flan made of egg yolks and condensed milk. This painting resides in the Senate Hall of Madrid. Catholicism is the most important contribution that the Spanish given to us. Among these include the patriarchal culture. Here is a list of borrowed words as provided by Wikipedia: The Filipino cuisine is apparently a fusion of many different cuisines, including Chinese, Malay, Spanish, and many more. However, the Spanish colonization introduced money currency to the Filipinos and along with this came a standardized taxation system. The beggar by the church gate or the frequented street corner, and the blind mendicant begging from house to house became familiar sights. Augustinian priests were the first to build schools in the Philippines, to be followed by Francians, Jesuits, and Dominican priests. Spanish colonialism in The Philippines Portugese explorer Ferdinand Magellan successfully led the European expedition to Philippines in the service of the King of Spain. These churches cater to about 93% of the current population of the Philippines – the Christian population. In fact, the Philippines is now the 5th largest Christian country in the world. Along with Christianity came Christian practices necessary in establishing faith in Christ. The Spanish at first viewed the Philippines as a stepping-stone to the riches of the East Indies (Spice Islands), but, even after the Portuguese and Dutch had foreclosed that possibility, the Spanish still maintained their presence in the archipelago. The folk have come to associate the occasion with gay colors, brass bands, and general merrymaking. What differentiates the Filipino picadillo from other versions is its soupy characteristic. The Spaniards started to explore the Philippines in the early 16th century when Ferdinand Magellan led a Spanish expedition to the Spice Islands and reached Cebu in 1521. Spanish historians, writing about the early Filipinos, affirmed that there was hardly a man or woman who could not read and write. The Spaniards conquered the Philippines for 333 years. Result of these are, we adapted their culture, traditions, and even their languages which we used until today. Although some indigenous art forms survived, new forms and influences from Europe and America gradually became the Codes of law governed their conduct. With the rising influence of the Catholic Church in the Philippines, there began a contention for power between the religious and civil authorities, which proved harmful to the Filipinos. The advantages and drawbacks of the colonization of the Philippines by Spain The domination of the Spanish Empire over the Philippines lasted 333 years, from 1565 to 1898. The kalesa typically has a higher ceiling than a calash. The Philippine Revolution (Filipino: Himagsikang Pilipino; Spanish: Revolución Filipina), called the Tagalog War (Filipino: Digmaang Tagalog; Spanish: Guerra Tagala) by the Spanish, was a revolution and subsequent conflict fought between the people and insurgents of the Philippines and the Spanish colonial authorities of the Spanish East Indies, under the Spanish Empire (Kingdom of Spain). He arrived in March 1521 during his circumnavigation of the globe. He claimed land for the king of Spain but was killed by a local chief. The Spanish used Galleons as the main ships to transport goods to and from the Western Pacific, and many of the ships where constructed in Manila, Philippines, hence the name, Manila Galleon trade route. Aside from religious practices, the Spanish colonization brought day-to-day practices that were eventually became part of the Filipino culture. The Spaniards also introduced a system of forced labor called the polo y servicios wherein Filipinos were sent to different places to serve 40 days of construction work. During the Spanish colonization, these schools mainly taught Spanish, Theology, Philosophy, and Geography. A Spanish expedition, sailing across the Pacific Ocean from east to west, and led by the Portuguese Ferdinand Magellan (died Apr 27, 1521) lands on Homonhon Island east of Samar with three small ships, named the Concepcion, Trinidad and Victoria. The onerous system of taxation, the arbitrary and unjust forced labor, the monopolistic galleon trade and stringent trade and agricultural policies, consequently brought about a distorted and unbalanced economy. The country is divided into three main areas: Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao. It was during these feasts, too, that the peasants indulged in such pastimes as drinking palm wine and cock-fighting. This results to the revolution of the Filipinos. The Flores de Mayo Festival, also called Santacruzan, is a parade that features beautiful ladies holding religious artifacts such as a bible, a small cross, or a statue of the Sto. As a matter of fact, it is very common to hear Filipinos count in Spanish rather than in Filipino or in English. Longganisa is typically bought from the wet market and is cooked at home. Change ), You are commenting using your Twitter account. Kalesas can still be seen nowadays in historic sites in the Philippines such as in Intramuros and Vigan to add up to the historical feel of the surroundings. And that is the reason why many foreign countries had colonized our country. Mañana which literally means tomorrow in Spanish was coined because Filipinos will usually say “mamaya na,” a Filipino phrase meaning later in English, when asked to accomplish duties. It has 17 regions, 122 cities, and 42,025 barangays. The Spaniards ruled the Philippines for 300 years under these conditions, continually harassed by Chinese pirates, by the Moros (Mohammedans from Mindanao and Sulu), by the Dutch and the English who wanted to take possession of the Islands, and finally by the frequent revolts on the part of the natives. Change ), You are commenting using your Google account. The time that the Philippines was under Spanish rule makes up a major part of their history. the Spanish took advantage of the already divided up people in the Philippines and easily dominated by them. It change the system of it. Filipinos from the pre-colonial period honored women. To console Juan Luna for not being awarded the gold medal, King Alfonso XII of Spain commissioned him to paint the Battle of Lepanto. The Spanish showed how advanced and strong they are in terms of technologies and how to handle a war. Kaldereta means “cauldron” in Spanish. Effects of Spanish Colonization in the Philippines 2. We all know that they were the one who presented our today’s religion even they forced the Filipinos before, but still we adapted it and devoted with our strong faith. During the pre-colonial period, the Filipino people were divided – in culture and in state. The main focus of this study is going to be the process colonization of the Philippines and how the Spanish colonized the Philippines, primarily focusing in the customs and cultures. Kaldereta is a dish of meat stewed in tomato sauce with potatoes, liver, cheese, olives, bell pepper and chilli. Then he proceeded to establish a Spanish town on Cebu Island, to convert the people to Roman Catholicism. Filipinos gave crops and other materials to the chieftain as taxes. The feudal economy remained, with land concentrated in the hands of a few individuals and the Church itself. The Impact of the American Rule. The Spaniards colonized the Philippines for more than three centuries, the longest period that the Philippines experienced foreign rule. However, this is not being practiced nowadays. These values and norms include self-preservation through power and abuse of authority, profound emphasis on hierarchy and social status, and familial values or close familial ties that promote nepotism. Punishments with varying degrees of severity were meted out to culprits whose offenses were tried in public courts presided over by the chiefs. A Spanish expedition, sailing across the Pacific Ocean from east to west, and led by the Portuguese Ferdinand Magellan (died Apr 27, 1521) lands on Homonhon Island ea st of Sama r with three small ships, named the Concepcion, However, the NSTP is not as strict and burdensome as the polo y servicios because not participating in it does not pose as much threat to Filipinos as the polo y servicios. The encomenderos ruled like the feudal lords of Medieval Europe, and exploited their territories to the limit. In the ensuing Battle of Mactan, Magellan and other Spanish soldiers lost their liv⦠The Spanish Era in the Philippines When European traders, in search for a new route to the Spice Islands, stumbled into the Philippine archipelago in 1521, they found the people living in a comparatively high state of civilization. Today, Filipinos under the tertiary program are required to undergo the National Service Training Program (NSTP) wherein they are trained for military and/or community service. And that is the reason why many foreign countries had colonized our country. A remnant of the architecture during the Spanish colonization lies in the heart of Vigan – the famous Calle Crisologo. The colorful rituals and numerous holidays of the Catholic Church gave rise to many folk traditions. The pre-colonized and post-colonized Philippines will be discussed and compared with one another to determine the degree of change that occurred with the Filipino culture. It contains a great deal of diversity in ethnicity and social organization. Picadillo is usually served with rice. The kalesa, originally spelled as calesa in Spanish, is a Filipino version of the horse-drawn carriage known as calash in the western parts of the world. In the conflict, the progress of the nation was retarded, because the Spaniards spent much time and energy in quarreling among themselves instead of governing. The Filipinos were made to build roads, bridges, and infrastructure. The few priests who tried to defend the people were helpless, and the elaborate laws framed to protect the subjects were openly flouted. It is the act of taking a nap during the afternoon, usually after eating lunch. 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