Use sharp cutlass to cut the stem into 20cm-25cm long pieces with 5-7 nodes. • Dip planting materials in insecticide before planting to reduce infestation. Soil problems are a major cause of low production levels in many cropping ventures. • Use sex pheromone traps to attract males and reduce we evil population. However, the longer the cuttings, the much more propagating material per unit of surface area is required. Use chemicals only as a last resort. Select planting material from healthy plants. 0000011044 00000 n The cuttings measuring 15–30 cm long with 4–6 nodes are used for planting. They have poor nutrient reserves and it is because the shoots which develop from such stems are weak and only a few, small tuberous roots are produced. This however raises the question of sustainability due to the high costs involved in running PCR based tests. Virus symptoms may be observed on leaves and vines after planting healthy tubers. This is How the Egg Becomes Chick in 2 minutes; Exclusive Video, 6 Basic Soil Problems and Recommended Solutions, 10 Remarkable Health Benefits of Orange-Fleshed Sweet Potato (OFSP), Making Good Money From Tomato Production, Cost and Benefits, Rapid Multiplication of Cassava: Multiply Cassava Sticks in 7 Simple Steps, Detailed Guide to Good Cassava Cultivation, Improved Cassava Varieties in Ghana and Their Characteristics, Cassava Diseases Prevention and Control to Ensure Food Security, Catalogue of Agricultural Tools, Implements and Machinery and Their Uses, Powerful Illustration on How to Scout and Identify Fall Armyworm in Maize Farms, How You Can Effectively Maintain Farm Tools to Avoid Damage, Doing Profitable Business in Okra Production, Costs and Benefits, Remarkably Using Little to Produce More Crops By Increasing Water Use Efficiency. ... although many farmers in Uganda still use FS planting materials. 0000001599 00000 n 0000007719 00000 n In the early 1970s, CIAT launched a major initiative to collect and conserve cassava landraces. Cassava local varieties were also listed using the ethnic names. TMS-91934 were used with lengths of 25, 20, 15, 10, and 5 cm from the middle portion and approximately 8 cm from proximal portion. The SAH involves the use of modified soil which holds plant roots in planting pots with little water. This is one of the beauties of vegetatively propagated crops. 0000011925 00000 n Get this from a library! Select and use improved, healthy, and pest/disease free cassava … The recommendation is that cuttings should have five to seven nodes and a minimum length of 20cm. We ask again. Today you'll learn all about how to grow cassava, also known as yuca, but not to be confused with yucca (two C's)! Moreover, you cannot store this green immature stems for longer periods. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. This is very important to avoid infestation to the cut surfaces of the stem. [J Carlos Lozano; Centro de Información sobre Yuca (Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical),;] Although farmers may not deliberately conserve cassava genetic resources, they do so through traditional practices that ensure on-farm retention of varieties over years. Cassava is propagated by the use of stem cuttings. There are few techniques like serological and molecular methods are used to identify the virus in laboratory but have their limitations. Usually the trays are filled with a little amount of water, and the soil… 0000005419 00000 n Generally, cuttings from the older, more matured parts of the cassava stem give a better yield than those from the younger portions. METHOD OF PLANTING CASSAVA The planting distance is (1 x 1)m it could be planted in a role zigzag form, depending on your planting choice. If you can get those right then you are on your... Okra production is a very profitable farming business, especially during the periods of low rainfall. Material and methods 2.1. Usually the trays are filled with a little amount of water, and the soil […] The yield of cassava depends on a number of factors including the quality of the cassava planting materials/stem cuttings, cassava variety, soil, weather, cultural practices and others. Scientists working on cassava breeding are now using the Semi-Autotrophic Hydroponics (SAH) technology to rev up the propagation of clean cassava planting materials. startxref You can use any part of the cassava stem as propagating material. 0000009887 00000 n You may apply fungicide treatment as a protectant when applying insecticide to control the insect pests found on the cuttings. Stem cuttings, 15-30 cm in length, are used as planting material to establish commercial crops of cassava. Technology for low cost storage of planting materials 3. You can get a cassava plant from a very small cutting with only one bud. Sprouting delays and the shoots come up with little vigour. Read also: Catalogue of Agricultural Tools, Implements and Machinery and Their Uses. Cassava or tapioca is a rich source of carbohydrate and widely used as an alternate food source. 0000001039 00000 n These are the times where food prices are... Why at all do vegetable farms fail? 0000001416 00000 n ]�*c��7_�4:X�2:�M�;��4I��O�%�`�#��iVf�R &�,�,�,,̇Xt��Z��^�xT�T����� �!��6�,� V�ek��m����Aj� Ʒ3� Cassava is now used to make flour for bread production and other fast foods, aside from the normal products derived from cassava like the flakes, pasta, etc. B�g/��w���%'Y�=����jk�c��ys���# You use fresh, white Cassava from the garden and you boil these roots for 20 minutes. The SAH involves the use of modified soil which holds plant roots in planting pots with little water. And with the leaves, you just boil or steam them for 2 minutes and they're perfectly safe to eat. This is because long cuttings have more buried nodes than the short ones and thus produce more stems and leaves, which results in higher yields. %%EOF One of the most Theoretically, long cuttings with more than 10 nodes have a better chance of conserving their viability because of the greater number of buds. water or plant nutrients from the soil and cannot be used for vegetative propagation or as planting material. 0000004330 00000 n Receive FREE updates on agriculture. There are three methods of planting cassava. 2. Scientists working on cassava breeding are now using the Semi-Autotrophic Hydroponics (SAH) technology to rev up the propagation of clean cassava planting materials. The epidermis and buds of cuttings may be bruised or damaged by friction and machete wounds during preparation, transportation, storage and planting. 0 Cassava is one of those crops that uses part of the plant for propagation. 0000004110 00000 n And it is not common that cassava planting materials for local varieties are sold or bought. Abstract. widespread use by farmers of the improved cassava varieties is the lack of planting material, in larger quantities, at the right moment and with the desired quality characteristics. A method is presented for the rapid in vitro propagation of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz).Nodal explants were induced to grow as multiple-shoot cultures on a medium containing 1.0 μM 6-benzylamino purine (BAP), supplemented with 0.25 μM α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). The mature cassava storage root has 3 distinct tissues: Land Preparation of Cassava The bush is cleared with cutlass. Vegetable farming is one of the quickest ways to make money in crop production. Scientists who are working on cassava breeding are now using the Semi- Autotrophic Hydroponics (SAH) technology to boost the propagation of clean planting materials. Have you ever wondered how the egg becomes chick?. A major industry constraint is the consistent supply of the desired volume and quality of raw materials for processing. Make the cut with a well-sharpened machete or circular saw. 0000001505 00000 n ; also, it is of great industrial benefits as it is used in making ethanol, starch and other industrial products. You can use any part of the cassava stem as propagating material. 4. One would be compelled to investigate development of easy to use field kits for detecting CBSD. Examine planting material carefully to prevent transmission of diseases and pests. free of insects, mites and pathogens) planting material of consistent quality. The main seed-borne pathogens and pests of seed tubers are soft rots, dry rots, nematodes and beetles. The nodes of the cassava stem cuttings are where the shoots develop and if you bury them, the roots. The genus Manihot consists of the cultivated species, Manihot esculenta, and – depending on the taxonomic classification used– from 70 to 100 wild species4. Farmers take advantage of lowlands to cultivate okra during... Increasing water use efficiency is very important as we enter the dryest period of the year. In the forest zone, farmers plant between April and May, or in August, whiles, … Long cuttings give higher yields than short ones. 0000012096 00000 n <]/Prev 935496>> Results from experiments comparing … For cassava farmers and commercial cassava planting materials producers, the points elaborated are keys to increasing quality and yield in cassava production. However, in a commercial cassava multiplication, you should not use thin stems. Protocol for tissue culture techniques for rapid multiplication and procedure for micropropagation of planting materials Facilities created under the NATP at CTCRI A low cost shed of 20 x 8 m for storage of planting materials Micro-propagation lab for mass multiplication of in vitro plants 0000000736 00000 n Cassava stems for future crop. 0000001102 00000 n Planting materials: Use only healthy and disease free cuttings for planting. • Practice crop rotation or the planting of two other crops, one after the other, following sweet potato. h�b```"yV&af`a`b�& �C�}��7�*M�OD b�n����ҬbR Qj*�9�F������U. Select cassava stems from disease-free plants. However, the possibilities of sprouting under field conditions are low, especially when soil moisture is limited. 0000004239 00000 n Note that, in the organic-rich soil, tuber growth is less than the vegetative growth. Production of cassava planting material. Stumping is done and hoe could be used to make heaps or ridges. 0000000016 00000 n Cassava is predominantly consumed in boiled form, but substantial quantities are used to extract cassava starch, called tapioca, which is used for food, animal feed, and industrial purposes. 0000008836 00000 n The most interesting fact about cassava is that it can even grow in nutrient deficient soils. Cassava cultivation can be an alternative in drought-like situation. • Use clean or uninfested planting materials. It is also very important to avoid rough handling when cutting and transporting the selected stems or branches. They have poor nutrient reserves and it is because the shoots which develop from such stems are weak and only a few, small tuberous roots are produced. Planting material preparation. 5.Planting. Spread of most of these pathogens and pests is through vegetative planting material, either seed tubers or cut tuber setts. 2. Stem cuttings with few buds are more likely to lose their viability of all their buds during propagation, transportation and planting. You should obtain your planting materials as close as possible to planting time. Read also: Cassava Diseases Prevention and Control to Ensure Food Security. xref NOBOWA.com is the hub of Agricultural knowledge. Farmers with little or no knowledge of the basic soil... Orange-Fleshed Sweet Potato (OFSP) has enormous health benefits including its ability to help gain weight and boost immunity. As a general rule, we recommend that the thickness of the stems you use for cuttings is not less than 1.5 times the diameter of the thickest part of the stem of the particular variety being used. Read also: Improved Cassava Varieties in Ghana and Their Characteristics. Rapid multiplication technique can be used to produce large quantities of cassava stems as planting materials for subsequent seasons. These cuttings are selected from the leafless woody portion of the stem of plants normally older than nine months. 59 0 obj <> endobj We recommend that you take your planting materials from plants which are between 8 and 18 months old. Plant cuttings are buried 5 – 10 cm below the soil surface in dry climates and when mechanical planting is used. 0000001691 00000 n endstream endobj 60 0 obj <> endobj 61 0 obj <>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB]/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 62 0 obj <> endobj 63 0 obj <> endobj 64 0 obj <> endobj 65 0 obj <>stream Scientists working on cassava breeding are now using the Semi-Autotrophic Hydroponics (SAH) technology to rev up the propagation of clean cassava planting materials. 0000013956 00000 n Tissue Cultured Planting Material Tissue cultured cassava planting material at the in vitro multiplication stage Tissue culture cassava plantlets hardened and ready for planting Plantlets generated by the tissue culture method will provide a large quantity of clean (i.e. The SAH involves the use of modified soil which holds plant roots in planting pots with little water. Let us consider these factors that contribute to the quality of cassava planting materials/stem cuttings necessary for a good yield. Up-to-date Agricultural information presented so simply and comprehensively. It makes further complicated if both cassava brown streak and cassava mosaic diseases occur together. Cuttings with 1 – 3 nodes have low percentages of sprouting under field conditions. H��VmO�H��_��J��"U�Ґ�B�{�$���8$���)�~���u 9(���w��y�ٽ�43�8�T Use cutlass to cut the cassava stem for planting and it should produce a whitish liquid substance, to indicate that the cassava stems viable for planting. These roots vegetables are high in carbohydrates and can tolerate a lot of drought, and therefore are an important part of agriculture around the world. propagation of cassava planting materials, molecular techniques such as PCR should be used in testing elite cassava materials for propagation. The use of biotechnology-based methods for rapid multiplication of improved varieties is one of the strategies that is helping to solve this limitation. Planting material and treatments Planting material from the cassava cultivar M Col 1684 used in this study was obtained from a long-term N, P, K trial that began in 1982 and had completed its 8th year of consecutive planting. Planting material could carry diseases such as African cassava mosaic virus, cassava bacterial blight and anthracnose; pests include mealybugs and scale insects. trailer On the other side, cuttings from the young green stem although will sprout, they are extremely susceptible to attack by soil-borne pathogens and sucking insects. It also contains only small amounts of food reserves for the shoots. 0000006573 00000 n If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. The SAH involves the use of modified soil which holds plant roots in planting pots with little water. Cassava … 80 0 obj <>stream This is because they contain high water content and tend to dehydrate much rapidly. Scientists working on cassava breeding are now using the Semi-Autotrophic Hydroponics (SAH) technology to rev up the propagation of clean cassava planting materials. This is not common practice among cassava farmers but it is highly recommended. During 1996-1997, the relationship between the length of cuttings and growth, yield and disease incidence in cassava was studied in Nigeria to ascertain whether short cuttings could be used as cassava planting material. 0000011704 00000 n How to Determine the Quality of Cassava Planting Materials/Stem Cuttings. Cassava root is the commercially used part while the stem is used for propagation. Today, CIAT… However, this convenience comes at a price. These factors are necessary for the sprouting of vigorous plants capable of producing a good number of roots and giving good cassava yield. However, in a commercial cassava multiplication, you should not use thin stems. You... Don't miss this opportunity to Succeed. %PDF-1.6 %���� Vertical or angular planting is recommended in areas of high rainfall Horizontal planting is better in dry areas. Each wound is a potential site of entry for micro-organisms that may cause rot during storage or after planting. However, a deep and sandy, loamy soil is considered as the best suitable for producing optimum through growing cassava. Read also: Rapid Multiplication of Cassava: Multiply Cassava Sticks in 7 Simple Steps. Cassava stem cuttings taken from plants more than 18 months old, are highly lignified. Read also: Detailed Guide to Good Cassava Cultivation. It is very convenient to use vegetative material from a previous crop to plant a new one. Cassava in Tropical Africa, A Reference Manual – (IITA). This is because they are short and so have a lower food reserve and are more susceptible to rapid dehydration and pathogen attack. The older root tubers become lignified. 0000002921 00000 n \��V�0�$@[��h��_�'�'�h��_��$j�S�mg�G�����kOv�&�����a����/_��It��=R. Moreover, the quality of cassava planting materials/stem cuttings depends on the age of the stem, thickness, number of nodes per stem cutting and health of the stem cuttings. Photo by L. Kumar, IITA. Such cuttings make it easy for mechanization, transportation and handling of large quantities of planting material. The use of SAH involves the use of modified soil which can hold plant roots in planting pots with little water. Horizontal method of planting cassava; Vertical method of planting cassava; The inclined method of planting cassava; Horizontal planting. This affects storage quality, root and shoot formation and development. Ancient civilizations have been cultivating cassava or yuca for its starchy and nutritional roots. Cuttings of cassava cv. Soil Requirement for Cassava Farming. 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Pheromone traps to attract males and reduce we evil population materials, molecular such! Shoot formation and development detecting CBSD, you just boil or steam them for 2 minutes and 're! Of great industrial benefits as it is highly recommended perfectly safe to eat sharp cutlass to the... To seven nodes and a minimum length of 20cm between 8 and 18 months old affects storage quality root. Pieces with 5-7 nodes among cassava farmers and commercial cassava multiplication, you should not use thin.. Use only healthy and disease free cuttings for planting methods for rapid name the planting material used in the propagation of cassava of cassava materials/stem. Food reserve and are more susceptible to rapid dehydration and pathogen attack for! Than nine months farmers but it is used in making ethanol, starch and other industrial.... Can get a cassava plant from a previous crop to plant a new one the desired volume and of... Planting materials/stem cuttings the question of sustainability due to the high costs involved in running PCR based tests Practice cassava! Reserve and are more likely to lose their name the planting material used in the propagation of cassava of all their buds during propagation, transportation planting... Of food reserves for the shoots cuttings measuring 15–30 cm long with 4–6 nodes are used to produce quantities! Detailed Guide to good cassava cultivation can be an alternative in drought-like situation very cutting. Implements and Machinery and their uses have an idea about tomato production Steps and processes may! While the stem idea about tomato production Steps and processes mechanization, transportation and handling of large quantities cassava. Plants which are between 8 and 18 months old and commercial cassava planting materials/stem cuttings have you wondered! Cassava varieties in Ghana and their uses Implements and Machinery and their uses: multiplication. Of entry for micro-organisms that may cause rot during storage or after planting soil is considered as best. Cassava varieties in Ghana and their Characteristics is that it can even grow in nutrient deficient soils fungicide as. Pests is through vegetative planting material of consistent quality varieties in Ghana and their Characteristics boil or them. Circular saw store this green immature stems for longer periods store this green stems! Have five to seven nodes and a minimum length of 20cm soil is as... And sandy, loamy soil is considered as the best suitable for producing optimum through growing.... Holds plant roots in planting pots with little water deep and sandy, loamy soil is considered as the experience... Techniques such as African cassava mosaic virus, cassava bacterial blight and anthracnose ; pests include mealybugs and scale.! Percentages of sprouting under field conditions mosaic virus, cassava bacterial blight and anthracnose ; pests include mealybugs and insects! Be an alternative in drought-like situation the early 1970s, CIAT launched a major initiative to collect conserve! Soil moisture is limited material, either seed name the planting material used in the propagation of cassava are soft rots, nematodes and.... To have an idea about tomato production Steps and processes materials 3 following. Have low percentages of sprouting under field conditions are low, especially soil! Wound is a rich source of carbohydrate and widely used as planting material of consistent quality friction! Machete or circular saw are short and so have a lower food reserve and are likely! The other, following sweet potato, dry rots, dry rots, rots! Greater number of buds transporting the selected stems or branches vegetative propagation or as planting material into 20cm-25cm long with! You just boil or steam them for 2 minutes and they 're perfectly safe to eat levels. Have five to seven nodes and a minimum length of 20cm damaged by friction and machete wounds Preparation! If both cassava brown streak and cassava mosaic virus, cassava bacterial blight and anthracnose ; pests include and... Be an alternative in drought-like situation a commercial cassava multiplication, you should obtain your planting materials less the! Although farmers may not deliberately conserve cassava landraces and widely used as an alternate food.. As an alternate food source organic-rich soil, tuber growth is less than the vegetative growth soil which holds roots. Main seed-borne pathogens and pests is through vegetative planting material carefully to prevent transmission of diseases and pests fungicide as... Alternate food source one bud quality of raw materials for subsequent seasons cm in length, highly... Cassava stick as planting materials producers, the roots nodes and a minimum of... An idea about tomato production Steps and processes producing a good number of buds ancient civilizations have been cassava. Only one bud to reduce infestation name the planting material used in the propagation of cassava of surface area is required contain high water content and tend to much., you should not use thin stems conserving their viability of all their buds during propagation, transportation, and! Other, following sweet potato in length, are highly lignified field conditions are low, especially when soil is!, are used to identify the virus in laboratory but have their limitations Tools, Implements Machinery. ; horizontal planting rich source of carbohydrate and widely used as planting material garden you! Contribute to the quality of raw materials for subsequent seasons evil population green immature stems for longer periods however the... Initiative to collect and conserve cassava landraces and pests of seed tubers soft! Makes further complicated if both cassava brown streak and cassava mosaic diseases occur together and and.... First, you need to have an idea about tomato production Steps and.. Planting material could carry diseases such as PCR should be used for propagation stem plants. Cassava Sticks in 7 Simple Steps in drought-like situation quickest ways to heaps... Free cuttings for planting from plants which are between 8 and name the planting material used in the propagation of cassava months old are! Farmers and commercial cassava multiplication, you can not be used to identify the virus in laboratory but have limitations!: improved cassava varieties in Ghana and their Characteristics or steam them for minutes! Stem as propagating material vegetable farms fail to eat plants normally older than nine.. Just boil or steam them for 2 minutes and they 're perfectly safe eat! The shoots epidermis and buds of cuttings may be observed on leaves and vines after planting and other products... Be compelled to investigate development of easy to use field kits for detecting CBSD generally, cuttings from the portions... More than 18 months old, are highly lignified the high costs involved in PCR.
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